Strategi komunikasi pengurangan risiko bencana oleh BNPB melalui Instagram @bnpb_indonesia

Dharmawan, Heribertus C. Bagus (2020) Strategi komunikasi pengurangan risiko bencana oleh BNPB melalui Instagram @bnpb_indonesia. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Komunikasi antara pemerintah, khususnya Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB), dan masyarakat perihal kebencanaan sangatlah penting karena pemerintah sebagai penyelenggara negara wajib melindungi seluruh masyarakat termasuk mereka yang tinggal di daerah rawan bencana. Komunikasi dan informasi merupakan salah satu potensi untuk mengelola risiko bencana dimana masyarakat bisa memahami dampak bencana, serta mempersiapkan langkah-langkah yang bisa meminimalkan risiko bencana. Namun, upaya ini berhadapan dengan kenyataan masyarakat yang sangat heterogen, terdiri dari berbagai budaya. Juga banyak beredarnya informasi menyesatkan atau hoax terkait kebencanaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dan paradigma post-positisme. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan data primer, yaitu wawancara dan observasi, serta data sekunder berupa studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dilakukan kepada para penentu kebijakan dan pelaksana operasional dari Pusat Data Informasi Komunikasi Kebencanaan BNPB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BNPB menjalankan strategi komunikasi dengan memadukan media sosial yakni Instagram dan komunikasi interpersonal dengan kegiatan pelatihan dan simulasi kepada masyarakat. Akurasi konten sangat diutamakan demi mencegah kepanikan dan kekacauan di masyarakat. Prinsip keterbukaan dan interaksi dengan publik juga sangat penting karena bertujuan meningkatkan kesiapan masyarakat serta berbagi beban dan tanggung jawab dalam mengelola risiko bencana. / Communication between the government, especially the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), and the community regarding disasters is very important because the government as state administrator is obliged to protect all communities including those living in disaster-prone areas. Communication and information is one of the potentials for managing disaster risk where the community can understand the impact of a disaster and prepare steps that can minimize disaster risk. However, this effort is faced with the reality of a very heterogeneous society, consisting of various cultures. There is also a lot of misleading information or hoaxes related to disasters circulating. This research uses descriptive qualitative method and post-positivism paradigm. Research data collection was carried out with primary data, namely interviews and observations, and secondary data in the form of literature study and documentation. Interviews were conducted with policy makers and operational implementers of the BNPB Disaster Communication Information Data Center. The results showed that BNPB implemented a communication strategy by combining social media, namely Instagram and interpersonal communication with training and simulation activities for the community. Accuracy of content is given priority in order to prevent panic and chaos in the community. The principle of openness and interaction with the public is also very important because it aims to increase community preparedness and share the burdens and responsibilities in managing disaster risk.

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