Harsasi, Saraswati (2020) Aspek yuridis layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi (LPMUBTI) di Indonesia. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi (LPMUBTI) merupakan layanan yang mempertemukan pemberi pinjaman dengan penerima pinjaman secara langsung dalam sistem elektronik yang disediakan oleh penyelenggara untuk melaksanakan transaksi pinjam meminjam uang. Terdapat tiga pihak yang sama-sama memiliki peran penting dalam kegiatan ini yaitu pemberi pinjaman, penerima pinjaman, dan penyelenggara layanan. Penyelenggara bahkan memiliki peran yang dominan untuk menentukan syarat-syarat, hak dan kewajiban para pihak, mengadministrasikan pinjaman, membuat perjanjian baku, maupun memberikan layanan tambahan berupa penyediaan analisis kredit, penagihan angsuran, dan bahkan pendampingan usaha penerima pinjaman, yang seluruhnya ditawarkan sebagai kelebihan layanan untuk dapat menarik jumlah pengguna yang lebih banyak. LPMUBTI telah berkembang sangat pesat. Data OJK menunjukkan bahwa selama Maret 2018-Maret 2019 pertumbuhan penyaluran dana meningkat sebesar 742%. Peningkatan penyaluran dana ini juga dibayangi oleh kredit bermasalah pada Maret 2018 sebesar 0,35% dan pada Maret 2019 bertambah menjadi sebesar 2,62%. Fenomena ini merupakan sinyal yang patut diwaspadai memperhatikan bahwa industri ini telah melibatkan jumlah pengguna dan total dana yang masif. LPMUBTI merupakan salah satu sarana yang sangat solutif untuk menyelesaikan hambatan keuangan inklusif karena mampu menyediakan layanan tanpa terbatas ruang dan waktu, dapat diakses oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat di mana saja dan kapan saja, dan mengedepankan proses penyaluran dana yang mudah dan cepat. Namun demikian, kelebihan ini mengandung risiko kredit dan permasalahan hukum yang merugikan masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan mengacu pada norma hukum positif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian adalah, yang pertama, belum terdapat Undang-Undang khusus yang mengatur LPMUBTI. LPMUBTI secara parsial tunduk pada KUHPerdata, UU ITE, UU Perlindungan Konsumen, dan secara teknis diatur dengan POJK No. 77 /POJK.01/2016. LPMUBTI merupakan bagian dari pengawasan OJK. Perjanjian LPMUBTI diwujudkan dalam Kontrak Elektronik yang mengikat para pihak dan menjadi alat bukti yang sah. Risiko kredit merupakan bentuk wanprestasi perjanjian LPMUBTI. Oleh karena sifatnya on line, terdapat kondisi khusus dan kelemahan pengaturan POJK LPMUBTI yang dapat memicu timbulnya risiko kredit. Diperlukan pengaturan dalam Undang-Undang khusus Tentang LPMUBTI untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum yang optimal. LPMUBTI memang harus berkembang untuk mewujudkan keuangan inklusif demi pemerataan pertumbuhan ekonomi di seluruh Indonesia, akan tetapi harus senantiasa diselenggarakan secara sehat dengan memegang teguh prinsip kehati-hatian. Disinilah hukum menemui tantangan untuk mewujudkan pengaturan yang komprehensif guna menyeimbangkan kedua kepentingan dimaksud. / Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services (LPMUBTI), or know as peer to peer lending (PTP), is a service that brings lenders and borrowers directly in an electronic system provided by the provider to carry out money lending and borrowing transactions. There are three parties that have an important role in this activity, namely lenders, borrowers, and provider. Provider even have a dominant role to determine the terms, rights and obligations of the parties, administer loans, make standard agreements, also provide additional services that include providing credit analysis, installment billing, and even mentoring, to attract more users. PTP has developed very rapidly. OJK data shows that during March 2018-March 2019 growth in distribution of funds increased by 742%. The increase in distribution of funds was also followed by non-performing loans in March 2018 by 0.35% and in March 2019 it increased to 2.62%. This phenomenon is the important signal to watch out for which the industry is predicted to have generated massive numbers of users and total funds. PTP is one of the most solutive tools to complement financial inclusion that provides services without space and time, which can be accessed by all levels of society anywhere and anytime, with an easy and fast process of channeling funds. However, this excess contains credit risk and legal problems that are detrimental to the community. This research was conducted using normative juridical methods with qualitative descriptive analytical research with provisions on positive legal norms. The results obtained from the research are, firstly, that no special law has been issued by PTP. PTP was partially approved by the Civil Code, the ITE Law, the Consumer Protection Act, and a complete technical regulation with POJK No. 77 /POJK.01/2016. PTP is part of OJK supervision. Secondly, The PTP agreement is manifested in an Electronic Contract that binds the parties and becomes a valid evidence. Credit risk is a form of default on the PTP agreement. Because of its on line nature, there are particular conditions and regulatory weaknesses that can overcome credit risk. An Act on PTP is required to provide optimal legal permits. PTP must indeed develop to create financial inclusion for the sake of equitable economic growth throughout Indonesia, but it must always be managed in a sound manner by upholding the precautionary principle. The law meets challenge to regulate comprehensively to balance those interests.
Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) | ||||||||||||
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Additional Information: | D 57-16 HAR a | ||||||||||||
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Peer to Peer Lending Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services ; Fintech Lending ; On Line Loans | ||||||||||||
Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) | ||||||||||||
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law |
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Depositing User: | Users 11793 not found. | ||||||||||||
Date Deposited: | 29 Sep 2020 04:02 | ||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 07 Sep 2021 07:08 | ||||||||||||
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/10886 |
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