Potensi dekolorisasi pewarna tekstil oleh Penicillium sp. yang diisolasi dari tauco = Decolorization potential of textile dye by penicillium sp. Isolated from tauco

Yosana, Jonathan Raymond (2020) Potensi dekolorisasi pewarna tekstil oleh Penicillium sp. yang diisolasi dari tauco = Decolorization potential of textile dye by penicillium sp. Isolated from tauco. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Peningkatan jumlah industri tekstil mengakibatkan peningkatan limbah pewarna tekstil yang dihasilkan selama proses industri. Beberapa upaya yang telah dilakukan dalam menanggulangi pencemaran limbah pewarna industri salah satunya adalah dengan mekanisme biologis yang menggunakan mikroorganisme fungi sebagai agen dekolorisasi. Fungi dapat diperoleh dengan mengisolasi dari makanan salah satunya adalah tauco. Pada penelitian ini, Penicillium sp. yang telah berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi dari tauco, Potensi biodekolorisasi oleh Penicillium sp. dievaluasi dengan uji dekolorisasi secara kualitatif, pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi terhadap kemampuan dekolorisasi, uji mekanisme dekolorisasi yang meliputi biodegradasi, biosorpsi dan bioakumulasi, serta menguji aktivitas enzim peroksidase secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, Penicillium sp. memiliki potensi dekolorisasi pewarna tekstil Padi Gunting Biru (PGB) dan Padi Gunting Hijau (PGH). Penicillium sp. efektif dalam mendekolorisasi pewarna tekstil PGB dan PGH pada konsentrasi 100 ppm dengan persentase dekolorisasi pada pewarna PGB sebesar 87,54%, pewarna PGH sebesar 76,60% dan 65,76%. Isolat Penicillium sp. memiliki kemampuan dekolorisasi dengan tiga mekanisme yaitu biodegradasi dengan persentase dekolorisasi pada pewarna PGB sebesar 55,93%, pewarna PGH sebesar 42,21% dan 27,07% selama 48 jam, biosorpsi dengan persentase dekolorisasi pada pewarna PGB sebesar 100%, pewarna PGH sebesar 25,77% dan 22,36% selama 48 jam, serta bioakumulasi dengan persentase dekolorisasi pada pewarna PGB sebesar 77,85%, pada pewarna PGH sebesar 77,42% dan 68,02% selama lima hari. Enzim peroksidase yang dimiliki Penicillium sp. telah berhasil diidentifikasi secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan aktivitas enzim peroksidase sebesar 0,215 U/L./ The increase in the number of textile industries resulted in an increase in textile dye waste produced during industrial processes. Several efforts have been made in tackling waste pollution of industrial dyes, one of which is by biological mechanisms that use fungi microorganisms as a decolorization. Fungi can be obtained by isolating from food one of them is tauco. In this study, Penicillium sp. which has been successfully isolated and identified from tauco, Biodecolorization potential by Penicillium sp. evaluated with qualitative decolorization test, effect of various concentrations on decolorization capability, test of decolorization mechanisms that include biodegradation, biosorption and biore accumulation, as well as testing the activity of peroxidase enzymes qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the results obtained, Penicillium sp. has the potential to decolorize textile dye Padi Gunting Biru (PGB) and Padi Gunting Hijau (PGH). Penicillium sp. is effective in decolorizing PGB and PGH textile dye at a concentration of 100 ppm with a percentage of decolorization of PGB dye of 87.54%, PGH dye of 76.60% and 65.76%. Penicillium sp. isolate has decolorization capability with three mechanisms namely biodegradation with a percentage of decolorization on PGB dye of 1.87%, PGH dye amounted to 0.15% and 0.98% for two hours, biosorption with a percentage of decolorization on PGB dye of 100%, PGH dye of 25.77% and 22.36% over 48 hours, and bioaccumulation with a percentage of decolorization PGB dye of 77.85%, PGH dye of 77,42% and 68.02% over five days. Penicillium sp. peroxidase enzymes have been successfully identified qualitatively and quantitatively with peroxidase enzyme activity of 0.215 U/L.

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