Analisis pengaruh komposisi sampah terhadap proses pembentukan kompos = Analysis of the effect of waste composition on compose formation process

Pratama, Yohanes Adhi (2020) Analisis pengaruh komposisi sampah terhadap proses pembentukan kompos = Analysis of the effect of waste composition on compose formation process. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pengomposan sudah dikenal sejak dahulu, karena kemampuannya yang dapat mengolah limbah secara alami dengan bantuan mikroorganisme. Namun kerap kali proses pengomposan kurang berjalan dengan lancar, dikarenakan jumlah sampah yang dihasilkan tidak sebanding dengan proses penguraiannya. Ada cara pengomposan dengan menggunakan cara termofil, pengomposan dengan cara ini memang belum dikenal oleh masyarakat awam. Pengomposan dengan metode termofil dapat mempercepat proses pengomposan dari yang biasanya. Karena pengomposan ini akan mencapai suhu 50°C dimana bakteri termofil akan aktif dan bekerja dengan cepat dalam mengurai kompos. Hasil yang didapatkan dari pengomposan dengan kondisi termofil adalah suhu yang tinggi dalam tumpukkan kompos akan membuat kompos lebih cepat terurai dan menggunakan udara terbuka dan memanfaatkan bakteri termofil. Adapun kelebihan hasil kompos organik yang dihasilkan juga terhindar dari pathogen bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel daun dan ranting dari pohon Trembesi. Selain menjaga suhu, perlakuan lain seperti pengukuran rasio C/N, pH, dan kelembaban turut mendukung proses penguraian serta kondisi yang menunjang pertumbuhan bakteri termofil. Hasil yang didapatkan dari percobaan ini yaitu fisik kompos akan berubah dari daun dan ranting menjadi tanah dengan bantuan dari bakteri termofil. Selain itu adanya korelasi hubungan antara suhu yang naik menjadi termofil dengan pH yang menjadi asam, menunjukkan pengomposan berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan referensi. Dari hasil pengamatan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri termofil dapat terlihat pertumbuhan bakteri sangat banyak pada suhu kompos yang tinggi dan jumlahnya menurun pada suhu kompos yang rendah. / Composting has been known for a long time, because of its ability to treat waste naturally with the help of microorganisms. However, the composting process often does not run smoothly, because the amount of waste produced is not proportional to the decomposition process. There is a method of composting using the thermophile method, composting in this way is not yet known by the general public. Composting with the thermophile method can speed up the composting process than usual. Because composting will reach a temperature of 50 ° C where thermophile bacteria will be active and work quickly in breaking down the compost. The results obtained from composting with thermophile conditions are that high temperatures in the compost pile will make the compost decompose faster and use open air and utilize thermophile bacteria. The excess results of organic compost that are produced are also protected from pathogens for plants. This study used leaf and twig samples from the Trembesi tree. In addition to maintaining temperature, other treatments such as measuring the C / N ratio, pH, and humidity also support the decomposition process and conditions that support the growth of thermophile bacteria. The results obtained from this experiment are that the physical compost will change from leaves and twigs to soil with the help of thermophile bacteria. In addition, there is a correlation between the temperature that rises to become a thermophile and the pH which becomes acidic, indicating that composting is going well and in accordance with the reference. From the observations on the growth of thermophilic bacteria, it can be seen that the growth of bacteria is very much at high compost temperatures and the number decreases at low compost temperatures.

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