Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan berat badan lahir anak di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village

Listyani, Nadya Kaulika (2020) Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan berat badan lahir anak di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Berat badan lahir anak adalah indikator dalam tumbuh kembang anak yang menggambarkan status gizi selama dalam kandungan yang dapat diukur dalam satu jam saat kelahiran. Banyak faktor yang dapat berhubungan dengan berat badan lahir anak seperti riwayat hipertensi pada saat hamil, riwayat merokok, usia ibu, jumlah pemeriksaan kehamilan, dan kenaikan berat badan ibu. Di Indonesia, penelitian mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi berat badan lahir anak masih kurang khususnya belum ada data mengenai hal ini di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Karawaci. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan berat badan lahir anak di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Hipotesis: Terdapat hubungan antara berat badan lahir anak di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village dengan riwayat hipertensi, riwayat merokok, usia ibu, jumlah pemeriksaan kehamilan, dan kenaikan berat badan ibu selama hamil. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan studi potong lintang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 214 dari 1 Januari 2015 hingga 31 Januari 2020 dengan pengambilan sampel secara non-probabilitas. Pengambilan data menggunakan rekam medis pasien di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Data dianalisa menggunakan uji statistik chi kuadrat dan menggunakan SPSS 25. Hasil: Terdapat 223 sampel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan dimasukkan ke dalam analisis. Ditemukan 93,3% anak dengan BBLN, 57% anak laki-laki, 85,7% ibu dengan usia yang cukup untuk mengandung, 66,8% memiliki jumlah kunjungan pemeriksaan kehamilan yang cukup, 35,9% memiliki kenaikan berat badan yang berlebih saat hamil, dan 91% ibu tidak memiliki riwayat hipertensi saat hamil. Tidak terdapat hasil uji statistik yang signifikan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara berat badan lahir anak dengan: riwayat hipertensi saat hamil, usia ibu, jumlah kunjungan pemeriksaan kehamilan, dan kenaikan berat badan ibu selama hamil. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara berat badan lahir anak dengan: riwayat hipertensi saat hamil, usia ibu, jumlah kunjungan pemeriksaan kehamilan, dan kenaikan berat badan ibu selama hamil. Kelemahan dari penelitian ini adalah pengambilan data secara sekunder, jumlah sampel yang relatif kecil dan pengambilan data tidak secara acak. Kata Kunci: Faktor-faktor risiko, Berat badan lahir, anak, Indonesia, Tangerang / Background: Birth weight is the indicator of child’s growth and development that illustrates the nutritional status during pregnancy, measured within the first hour of birth. There are many factors that are related to child’s birth weight, such as gestational hypertension, smoking, maternal age, number of antenatal care and maternal weight gain. In Indonesia, studies about factors contributing to birth weight were lacking, especially in Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Aim: This research was done to identify the factors that are related to birth weight in Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Hypothesis: Gestational hypertension, gestational smoking, maternal age during pregnancy, antenatal care visits and maternal weight gain are associated with child’s birth weight in Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village Method: This study used a cross-sectional study involving 214 samples from 1stof January 2015 to 31stof January 2020 through non-probability sampling method. Data were obtained from patient’s medical record in Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Statistical analysis used chi square on SPSS 25. Results: 223 sampels were included for analysis in this research. Normal birth weight was found in 93.3% of samples, 57% were born as boys, 85.7% mothers were classified within appropriate age for giving birth, 66.8% mothers had adequate antenatal care visits, 35.9% mothers had weight gain more than recommendation, and 91% mothers had no history of gestation hypertension. Statistical tests showed no significant relationship between child’s birth weight with gestational hypertension, maternal age, antenatal care visits, and maternal weight gain. Conclusion:There was no significant relationship between child’s birth weight with gestational hypertension, gestational smoking, maternal age during pregnancy, antenatal care visits, and maternal weight gain. Limitations of this research were: the use of secondary data, relatively small sample size, and non-randomized data sampling. Keywords:Risk Factors, Birth Weight, Child, Indonesia, Tangerang

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