Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai rokok dengan motivasi berhenti merokok pada mantan perokok aktif pasien Poli Paru Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam, Lippo Village = The relationship between the level of knowledge on the health effects of smoking and the motivation to stop smoking in ex smokers of Lung Department patients at Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village.

Wong, Clarinda (2020) Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai rokok dengan motivasi berhenti merokok pada mantan perokok aktif pasien Poli Paru Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam, Lippo Village = The relationship between the level of knowledge on the health effects of smoking and the motivation to stop smoking in ex smokers of Lung Department patients at Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi perokok di Indonesia menduduki peringkat ketiga di dunia dan masih terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Data Kemenkes menunjukkan kematian yang diakibatkan oleh rokok mencapai kurang lebih 6 juta kematian per tahunnya. Banyaknya informasi mengenai bahaya merokok yang tersebar dari berbagai narasumber, tidak menjamin pengetahuan masyarakat. Tingkat pengetahuan seseorang mengenai bahaya rokok dapat menjadi satu parameter dalam menumbuhkan motivasi untuk berhenti merokok. Oleh karena itu, motivasi yang baik akan muncul apabila seseorang tersebut mengetahui manfaat yang bisa diambil dari pengetahuan yang memadai tentang bahaya merokok. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan mengenai rokok dengan motivasi berhenti merokok pada mantan perokok aktif pasien poli paru RSUS Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 138 mantan perokok aktif pasien poli paru RSUS menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada Januari-Maret 2020. Hasil penelitian diolah dengan analisis Uji Chi Square menggunakan program IBM SPSS versi 22.0. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 73.2% orang memiliki pengetahuan baik mengenai rokok dan 26.8% yang berpengetahuan kurang baik. Lalu, 58% orang memiliki motivasi yang tinggi untuk berhenti merokok dan 42% yang memiliki motivasi rendah. Hasil: Hasil Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 138 subjek penelitian dimana terdiri dari 134 (97.1%) laki-laki dan 4 (2.9%) perempuan. Rata-rata responden penelitian berusia 47 tahun dengan usia termuda 18 tahun dan tertua 64 tahun dengan standar deviasi 13.293. Penelitian ini diuji dengan Chi Square Test dan analisis multivariat memperoleh p-value = 0.000 dan Odd Ratio 4.293 dengan 95% CI 1.921-9.594 Dari uji regresi logistik multivariat peneliti mendapatkan hasil pendidikan memiliki p value= 0.014, frekuensi merokok memiliki p value= 0.007, dan penhetahuan mengenai rokok p value= 0.000. Ketiga variabel ini memiliki p-value < 0.05 sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa ketiga variabel independent ini yang secara signifikan memiliki pengaruh terhadap motivasi berhenti merokok. / Background: The level of one's knowledge about the danger of smoking can be associated with motivation to stop smoking. Smoker’s prevalence in Indonesia as a developing country ranks at number three in the world and deaths caused by smoking reaches approximately 6 million deaths each year. Although there are many information about the danger of smoking across different forms of media, many Indonesians still smoke, so the number of smokers in Indonesia continue to rise every year. Motivation toward smoking cessation arises if someone knows the benefits that can be taken through an adequate knowledge about the dangers of smoking. Objective: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge on the health effects of smoking with motivation to stop smoking in ex-smokers of lung department patients at Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. Research Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study. The study sample consisted of 138 subjects who are a former active smokers presented to the lung department’s patients using consecutive sampling techniques. Data was collected in January-March 2020. The results of the study were processed by Chi Square Test analysis using IBM SPSS version 22.0. In this study, it was found that 73.2% of people had good knowledge about cigarettes and 26.8% who had poor knowledge. Then, 58% of people have high motivation to stop smoking and 42% who have low motivation. Result : The study was conducted on 138 research subjects which consisted of 134 (97.1%) men and 4 (2.9%) women. The average age of the respondent is 47 years old, the youngest is 18 years old and the oldest is 64 years old with a standard deviation of 13,293. This study was tested with the Chi Square Test and multivariate analysis obtained p-value = 0,000 and Odd Ratio 4,293 with 95% CI 1,921-9,594. From the multivariate logistic regression test the previous researchers got 0.014 for the education variable, smoking frequency’ p value = 0.007, and knowledge about cigarettes’ p value = 0,000. These three variables have a p-value below 0.05 so that it can be interpreted that these three independent variables significantly affect the motivation of smoking cessation.

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