Tinjauan yuridis penyelesaian sengketa konsumen di sektor jasa keuangan melalui mekanisme gugatan sederhana (small claim court): pendekatan kasus menggunakan peraturan mahkamah agung nomor 2 tahun 2015 tentang tata cara penyelesaian gugatan sederhana = Legal analysis of consumer dispute settlement on financial services sector through a mechanism of small claim court: cases approach using supreme court rules number 2 year 2015 on procedures for the settlement of small claims

Jebabun, Alfeus (2017) Tinjauan yuridis penyelesaian sengketa konsumen di sektor jasa keuangan melalui mekanisme gugatan sederhana (small claim court): pendekatan kasus menggunakan peraturan mahkamah agung nomor 2 tahun 2015 tentang tata cara penyelesaian gugatan sederhana = Legal analysis of consumer dispute settlement on financial services sector through a mechanism of small claim court: cases approach using supreme court rules number 2 year 2015 on procedures for the settlement of small claims. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Salah satu akibat perkembangan sistem keuangan dan pesatnya kemajuan di bidang teknologi informasi serta inovasi finansial yang sangat kompleks, dinamis, dan saling terkait antar-subsektor keuangan adalah posisi konsumen dan masyarakat rentan terkena dampak negatif. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pengaturan tentang perlindungan konsumen. Salah satu bentuk perlindungan konsumen adalah tersedianya mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efektif (availability of effective consumer redress). Dalam sektor jasa keuangan, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) telah membentuk suatu aturan untuk menyelesaikan sengketa konsumen sektor jasa keuangan melalui Peraturan OJK (POJK) Nomor 1/POJK.07/2014 tentang lembaga alternatif penyelesaian sengketa di sektor jasa keuangan. Pasal 2 POJK No. 1/POJK.07/2014 tersebut mengatur dua tahap penyelesaian sengketa konsumen sektor jasa keuangan, yaitu melalui pengaduan langsung ke Lembaga Jasa Keuangan, dan jika tidak terselesaikan, maka diselesaikan melalui pengadilan atau di luar pengadilan. Ketika para pihak memilih menyelesaikan sengketa melalui pengadilan, biasanya pengadilan menggunakan Herzien Inlandsch Reglement/ Rechtreglement voor de Buitengewesten (HIR/RBg). Jadi, para pihak mengajukan gugatan, dan akan diselesaikan seperti kasus perdata pada umumnya. Pada kenyataanya proses penyelesaian perkara di pengadilan membutuhkan waktu yang lama, biaya mahal, dan prosesnya rumit. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan prinsip dalam dunia usaha. Mahkamah Agung berusaha mengatasi kelemahan hukum acara perdata dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung (Perma) Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 tentang Tata Cara Gugatan Sederhana. Perma tersebut bermaksud untuk menyederhanakan proses penyelesaian sengketa perdata. Perma tersebut sangat membantu untuk menyelesaikan sengketa konsumen sektor jasa keuangan. Namun, Perma ini masih membutuhkan penyempurnaan agar efektif menyelesaikan sengketa konsumen sektor jasa keuangan secara cepat, sederhana, dan berbiaya murah / One of the consequences of the development of the financial system and the rapid advances in information technology as well as the highly complex, dynamic, and interconnected financial innovations among the financial sub-sectors is the position of consumers and vulnerable people affected by negative impacts. Therefore, there is a need for regulation on consumer protection. One form of consumer protection is the availability of effective consumer redress mechanisms. In the financial services sector, the Financial Services Authority (OJK) has established a regulation for resolving consumer disputes over the financial services sector through OJK Regulation Number 1/POJK.07/2014 on alternative dispute resolution institutions in the financial services sector. Article 2 of the regulation shall govern the two stages of dispute resolution of consumers of the financial services sector, namely through direct complaints to the Financial Services Institution, and if not resolved, then resolved by court or out of court. When parties choose to resolve disputes through courts, the courts usually use the Herzien Inlandsch Reglement/Rechtreglement voor de Buitengewesten (HIR/ RBg). So, the parties filed a lawsuit, and will be resolved like a civil case in general. And, in fact the process of settling the case in court takes a long time, is expensive, and the process is complicated. This is not in accordance with the principles in the business world. In the Year 2015, the Supreme Court tries to overcome the weakness of civil procedure law by issuing Supreme Court Rules (Perma) Number 2 Year 2015 on Procedures for Simple Lawsuit. The Supreme Court Rules intends to simplify the process of civil disputes settlement. The Supreme Court Rules a is helpful for resolving consumer disputes in the financial services sector. However, Perma is still in need of refinement in order to effectively resolve the disputes of consumers of the financial services sector in a fast, simple, and low cost

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