Perkembangan dan respon pemerintah terhadap Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) pada tahun 2013-sekarang = The development of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in Indonesia between 2013-2019

Nurbasya, Fadhilla Atha (2021) Perkembangan dan respon pemerintah terhadap Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) pada tahun 2013-sekarang = The development of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in Indonesia between 2013-2019. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Terorisme merupakan topik yang sangat berkaitan dengan Hubungan Internasional. Kelompok ISIS bermula dari perlawanan terhadap pemerintah yang didominasi oleh Amerika di kawasan timur tengah. Melalui serangkaian kejadian, ISIS banyak melakukan hal menyimpang seperti meneror masyarakat luas. Pemahaman ISIS dengan cepat menyebar ke berbagai penjuru dunia melalui media online termasuk Indonesia. Indonesia dengan penduduk muslim terbesar di dunia sangatlah rawan dijadikan target tempat perekrutan dan penyebaran ideologi dari kelompok ISIS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kewaspadaan kepada penulis dan pembaca terhadap keberadaan ISIS di Indonesia. Melalui dua pertanyaan yaitu faktor apa saja yang dapat membuat ISIS berkembang di Indonesia, dan langkah apa yang sudah dilakukan pemerintah Indonesia guna mencegah dan melawan penyebaran ISIS di Indonesia. Peneltian ini menggunakan teori realisme dengan mengambil tiga konsep yaitu konsep terorisme radikal islam, ideologi ISIS dan keamanan nasional Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif dan data primer serta sekunder. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pemahaman ISIS menyebar dengan cepat ke berbagai daerah di Indonesia dengan didukung oleh beberapa faktor, faktor tersebut adalah kemiskinan, kekecewaan terhadap al-Qaeda, perkembangan teknologi, dan penyebaran radikalisme dilingkup masyarakat yang sudah terjadi. Faktor tersebut membuat pemerintah melakukan berbagai tindakan, seperti memperkuat landasan hukum, kerjasama bilateral dan organisasi, serta counter terrorism. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah upaya pemerintah Indonesia dalam menangani terorisme sesuai dengan perkembangan ISIS itu sendiri, metode yang digunakan tidaklah usang karena menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan ISIS. / Terrorism is a topic that is closely related to International Relations. The ISIS group in the region stems from resistance to the American-dominated government in the Middle East. Through a series of incidents, ISIS did many deviant things, such as terrorizing the wider community. The understanding of ISIS has quickly spread to various parts of the world through online media including Indonesia. Indonesia, with the largest Muslim population in the world, is very prone to be a target for the recruitment and spread of ideology from the ISIS group. This study aims to provide awareness to writers and readers of the existence of ISIS in Indonesia. Through two questions, namely what factors can make ISIS develop in Indonesia, and what the Indonesian government has done to prevent and fight the spread of ISIS in Indonesia. This research uses the theory of realism by taking three concepts, namely the concept of Islamic radical terrorism, ISIS ideology and Indonesia's national security. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with descriptive research types and primary and secondary data. The results of the study reveal that the understanding of ISIS spread rapidly to various regions in Indonesia supported by several factors, these factors are poverty, disappointment with al-Qaeda, technological developments, and the spread of radicalism in society that has occurred. These factors prompt the government to take various actions, such as upholding the legal basis, bilateral cooperation and organizations, and countering terrorism. The conclusion from the research results is that the Indonesian government's efforts in the danger of terrorism are in accordance with the development of ISIS itself, the method used is outdated because it adapts to the development of ISIS.

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