Pengaruh kebijakan impor daging sapi terhadap hubungan bilateral Indonesia dan Australia = The impact of beef import policy on bilateral relationships Indonesia and Australia

Fujiarto, Devi Claresta (2021) Pengaruh kebijakan impor daging sapi terhadap hubungan bilateral Indonesia dan Australia = The impact of beef import policy on bilateral relationships Indonesia and Australia. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat latar belakang dari penerbitan kebijakan impor dgaing sapi Australia, serta sejauh mana kebijakan tersebut mempengaruhi hubungan bilateral antara Indonesia dan Australia. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori neorealisme dengan mengangkat konsep kepentingan nasional dan konsep ekspor impor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi pustaka, dan data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Indonesia merupakan tujuan utama bagi Australia dalam industri ekspor daging sapi. Namun di sisi lain, terdapat kebijakan-kebijakan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah Indonesia terhadap daging sapi impor, yaitu kebijakan halal, Program Swasembada Daging Sapi (PSDS), dan pembatasan kuota. Faktor yang melatarbelakangi dari penerbitan kebijakan tersebut adalah tingginya volume daging sapi impor dari Australia yang memberikan dampak negatif bagi peternak lokal dan daging sapi dalam negeri. Hal ini dikarenakan tingginya permintaan masyarakat akan daging sapi impor akibat belum memadainya persediaan daging sapi lokal. Indonesia masih belum mampu memproduksi daging sapi lokal secara maksimal baik pada segi jumlah produksi maupun pada segi kualitas. Oleh karena itu, guna memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, pemerintah Indonesia mengimpor daging sapi dari Australia sehingga menyebabkan tingginya kuota daging sapi impor Australia di Indonesia. Adanya kebijakan ini nyatanya tidak mempengaruhi hubungan bilateral Indonesia dan Australia, melainkan berpengaruh pada kondisi kebutuhan masyarakat Indonesia. Seperti halnya pada kebijakan pembatasan kuota yang menyebabkan penurunan pada volume daging sapi impor, memicu reaksi dari masyarakat selaku konsumen. Masyarakat menilai kebijakan ini menyebabkan tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan mereka, mengingat adanya ketidakseimbangan pada jumlah produksi daging sapi lokal dengan jumlah kebutuhan masyarakat. Adapun, sejak diberlakukannya pembatasan kuota ini, menyebabkan peningkatan pada harga daging sapi sehingga sebagian masyarakat tidak mampu untuk membelinya. / This research was conducted with the aim of looking at the background of the issuance of the policy on imports of Australian cattle, and the extent to which these policies affect bilateral relations between Indonesia and Australia. This study uses the theory of neorealism by raising the concept of national interest and the concept of export and import. The research method used is a qualitative research approach with descriptive research type. The data was collected by using literature study, and the data were analyzed using narrative analysis techniques. The results show that Indonesia is the main destination for Australia in the beef export industry. But on the other hand, there are policies made by the Indonesian government towards imported beef, namely the halal policy, the Beef Self-Sufficiency Program (PSDS), and quota restrictions. The factor behind the issuance of this policy is the high volume of imported beef from Australia which has a negative impact on local breeders and domestic beef. This is due to the high public demand for imported beef due to inadequate local beef supplies. Indonesia is still not capable of producing local beef optimally both in terms of quantity and quality. Therefore, in order to meet the people's needs, the Indonesian government imports beef from Australia, causing a high quota for Australian imported beef in Indonesia. The existence of this policy does not actually affect the bilateral relations between Indonesia and Australia, but rather affects the conditions of the needs of the Indonesian people. As with the quota limitation policy, which led to a decrease in the volume of imported beef, triggered reactions from the public as consumers. The community believes that this policy causes their needs to be unfulfilled, given the imbalance between the amount of local beef production and the total community needs. Meanwhile, since the enactment of this quota limitation, the price of beef has increased so that some people cannot afford to buy it.

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