Tourism Policy: Comparative Study of Thailand and Indonesia (2015 - 2019) = Kebijakan Pariwisata: Studi Perbandingan Thailand dan Indonesia (2015 - 2019)

Yong, William (2021) Tourism Policy: Comparative Study of Thailand and Indonesia (2015 - 2019) = Kebijakan Pariwisata: Studi Perbandingan Thailand dan Indonesia (2015 - 2019). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

The role of tourism as soft power is getting more relevant in International Relations. Tourism industry affects political, legal and most importantly the economic sector and countries like Thailand and Indonesia have been using tourism industry to boost their economic growth. However, despite the similar tourism conditions, Thailand stands out compare to Indonesia due to several weaknesses that Indonesia must deal within its tourism sector that create ineffective tourism development. Rationally, Indonesia should develop its tourism strategy by looking up to Thailand as a role model. This study aims to observe the strategic plan of each Indonesian and Thai tourism development plan, and further analyze the public diplomacy strategy that Indonesia could learn from Thailand. During the process, this research uses Realism as the main theory and the concepts of Economic Interest, Power and Public Diplomacy. This is a qualitative research that uses comparative case study method. From the comparison of both strategic plans, results and implementations, there are several sectors that Indonesia needs to improve. These sectors include business environment, health and hygiene, information communication and technology, infrastructure, and human resources. Additionally, there are some aspects that Indonesia must develop further in order to prevent the drawbacks in several sectors that Thailand has experienced. These sectors are safety and security as well as the environmental sustainability strategy. Indonesia could learn several strategies from Thailand to enhance these sectors in order to conduct effective tourism strategy and public diplomacy implementation in the future. / Peran pariwisata sebagai instrument kekuatan lunak menjadi semakin relevan dalam dunia Hubungan Internasional. Industri pariwisata mampu mempengaruhi politik, hukum dan yang terpenting sektor ekonomi suatu negara. Thailand dan Indonesia merupakan contoh negara yang menggunakan industri pariwisata untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi mereka. Namun, jika dibandingkan dengan pariwsiata Indonesia, pariwsiata Thailand lebih menonjol meskipun terdapat kesamaan kondisi wisata. Hal in disebabkan karena terdapat beberapa kelemahan yang dihadapi oleh pariwsiata Indonesia. Kelemahan ini membuat pengembangan pariwsiata kurang efektif. Indonesia harus mengembangkan strategi pariwisatanya dan dapat menjadikan Thailand sebagai panutan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengamati rencana strategis dari masing- masing rencana pengembangan pariwisata Indonesia dan Thailand, dan menganalisis lebih lanjut untuk menemukan pelajaran diplomasi publik yang dapat diambil Indonesia dari Thailand. Dalam prosesnya, penelitian ini menggunakan Realisme sebagai teori utama dan konsep Kepentingan Ekonomi, Kekuatan and Diplomasi Publik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus komparatif. Dari perbandingan rencana strategis, hasil serta implementasinya, terdapat beberapa sektor yang perlu ditingkatkan oleh Indonesia. Sektor-sektor tersebut meliputi lingkungan bisnis, kesehatan dan kebersihan, komunikasi dan teknologi informasi, infrastruktur, dan sumber daya manusia. Selain itu, ada beberapa sektor yang harus dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk menghindari kelemahan yang terdapat di beberapa sektor yang telah dialami Thailand. Sektor-sektor tersebut adalah keselamatan dan keamanan serta strategi kelestarian lingkungan. Indonesia dapat mempelajari beberapa strategi diplomasi publik dari Thailand untuk meningkatkan sektor-sektor tersebut agar dapat melaksanakan strategi pariwisata yang efektif di masa depan.

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