Penggunaan metode gradient descent dan regresi panel untuk menganalisis faktor pertumbuhan ekonomi kabupaten/kota di Indonesia = Analysis of economic growth factors for districts and cities in Indonesia using gradient descent method and panel regression

Sugiono, Christina (2018) Penggunaan metode gradient descent dan regresi panel untuk menganalisis faktor pertumbuhan ekonomi kabupaten/kota di Indonesia = Analysis of economic growth factors for districts and cities in Indonesia using gradient descent method and panel regression. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Berdasarkan data statistik, Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan ekonomi saat Pemerintah berfokus pada peningkatan pendidikan, penanggulangan kemiskinan, serta peningkatan kesejahteraan. Pertumbuhan ekonomi dapat diindikasikan dengan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB). Dalam Tugas Akhir ini, akan dianalisis beberapa variabel ekonomi makro yang berkaitan langsung dengan masyarakat, yaitu pengeluaran rumah tangga per kapita, tingkat partisipasi bersih Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA), indeks kedalaman kemiskinan, dan tingkat kemiskinan. Data PDB yang diteliti adalah PDB dengan harga konstan tanpa pengaruh minyak dan gas (GDP-EOG). Sampel penelitian adalah 391 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia selama 9 tahun (2004-2012). Data yang digunakan merupakan gabungan dari data time series dan data cross section. Data tersebut berupa unbalanced panel, sehingga perlu dilakukan metode gradient descent untuk membentuk balanced panel. Setelah itu dilakukan regresi data panel dengan tiga pendekatan, yaitu pooled model, fixed effect model, dan random effect model. Untuk mendapat model terbaik, dilakukan uji uji Statistik F, uji Breusch-Pagan Lagrange Multiplier dan uji Hausman. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa fixed effect model merupakan model regresi terbaik dimana intercept model ini menggambarkan heterogenitas antar kabupaten/kota. Model ini menujukkan bahwa pengeluaran rumah tangga per kapita, indeks kedalaman kemiskinan, tingkat partisipasi bersih SMA, dan tingkat kemiskinan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap GDP-EOG. / According to statistical data, Indonesia has been experiencing an economic growth when the Government focuses on improving education, alleviate poverty, and enhance welfare. Economic growth is shown through Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This thesis aims to analyse some macroeconomic factors that have a direct relationship with the society, such as household per capita expenditure, net enrolment ratio: senior secondary, poverty gap index, poverty rate. The GDP in this thesis is the constant-price GDP excluding Oil and Gas (GDP-EOG). The sample is 391 districts and cities in Indonesia, observed for nine years (2004-2012). The data contains time series and cross-section data, and it was in the form of unbalanced panel data. Gradient descent method was applied to form a balanced panel data. Then, three approaches to create panel data, which are pooled model, fixed effect model, and random effect model were applied. To choose the best model, the results went through F-test, Breusch-Pagan Lagrange Multiplier test and Hausman test. The tests show that fixed effect model is the appropriate model. The intercept of this model can capture heterogeneity. This model indicates that household per capita expenditure, net enrolment ratio: senior secondary, poverty gap index, poverty rate have a significant impact on GDP-EOG.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Sugiono, ChristinaNIM00000002678UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorMargaretha, HelenaNIDN0312057504helena.margaretha@uph.edu
Additional Information: SK 112-13 SUG p 2018
Uncontrolled Keywords: pertumbuhan ekonomi; unbalanced data panel; gradient descent; regresi data panel; pooled model; fixed effect model; random effect model
Subjects: Q Science > QA Mathematics
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Mathematics
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Mathematics
Depositing User: Mrs Veronica Fitri Astuti
Date Deposited: 13 May 2021 08:31
Last Modified: 31 Oct 2023 05:37
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/18466

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