Kerja sama Pemerintah Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Filipina Menangani Pembajakan di Wilayah Laut Sulu-Sulawesi = Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines’ cooperation in combating piracy in the Sulu-Sulawesi sea area

Panjaitan, Gladys Sonia Fernita (2021) Kerja sama Pemerintah Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Filipina Menangani Pembajakan di Wilayah Laut Sulu-Sulawesi = Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines’ cooperation in combating piracy in the Sulu-Sulawesi sea area. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Secara konseptual, pembajakan lahir dari perkembangan konsep keamanan dalam konteks hubungan internasional yang semakin mengalami perkembangan secara progresif dan kohesif. Berdasarkan aspek geografis, perairan laut Sulu-Sulawesi merupakan salah satu jalur perdagangan internasional utama selain Selat Malaka untuk kawasan ASEAN. Lebih jauh, perairan yang terbentang melintangi Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Filipina ini berdasarkan sejarahnya memang merupakan wilayah rawan akan tindakan kejahatan karena kondisinya yang masih jauh dari akses pemerintah pusat dan terdiri dari pulau-pulau dengan mayoritas masih merupakan hutan. Kemunculan kelompok terorisme Abu Sayyaf yang melakukan aksi pembajakan yang disertai pula dengan penyanderaan korbannya lahir dari keinginan kelompok ini untuk memerdekakan diri dari Filipina dan mendirikan negara baru berbasis Khilafah. Meningkatnya kasus pembajakan yang terjadi di perairan Sulu-Sulawesi yang dilatarbelakangi tidak hanya motif ekonomi namun juga teroris memunculkan urgensi baru akan keamanan maritim sehingga Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Filipina membentuk kerja sama trilateral baru dalam menangani tindakan kejahatan ini. Kerja sama ketiga negara Asia Tenggara ini merupakan bentuk dari perkembangan hubungan antarnegara yang tidak hanya didasari kepada kepentingan ekonomi semata. Kerja sama trilateral ini meliputi pembagian informasi, patrol bersama, serta inisiatif-inisiatif lainnya yang ditujukan untuk memberantas pembajakan di perairan Sulu-Sulawesi.Penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui Kerja sama pemerintah Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Filipina dalam menangani pembajakan di wilayah laut Sulu-Sulawesi. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan teori liberalism dan sekuritisasi, serta didukung dengan konsep kerja sama internasional, kemanan dan diplomasi maritim. Adapun pendekatan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi kepustakaan dan teknik analisis Miles dan Huberman. / Conceptually, piracy arises from the development of the concept of security in the context of international relations which is progressively developing and cohesive. Based on geographical aspects, the Sulu-Sulawesi sea waters are one of the main international trade routes apart from the Malacca Strait for the ASEAN region. Furthermore, the waters that stretch across Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines have historically been a prone area for criminal acts because of their condition which is still far from central government access and consists of islands with the majority still being forests.The emergence of the Abu Sayyaf terrorist group which carried out acts of piracy accompanied by the taking of its victims as hostages was born out of this group's desire to liberate itself from the Philippines and establish a new Khilafah-based state. The increase in piracy cases that occurred in the waters of Sulu-Sulawesi which was motivated by not only economic motives but also terrorists gave rise to a new urgency for maritime security so that Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines formed a new trilateral cooperation in dealing with this crime.The cooperation between the three Southeast Asian countries is a form of development of relations between countries that are not only based on economic interests alone. This trilateral cooperation includes information sharing, joint patrols, and other initiatives aimed at eradicating piracy in Sulu-Sulawesi waters.This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the theory of international cooperation and securitization as well as the concepts of security and maritime diplomacy. Data collection was carried out by using in-depth literature techniques which were analyzed using the analysis technique of Miles and Huberman. Finally, this thesis discusses policy cooperation between Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines in handling piracy cases in the Sulu-Sulawesi sea area.

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