Life Cycle Assessment Kendaraan Listrik Berbasis Baterai di Indonesia = Battery Electric Vehicle Life Cycle Assessment in Indonesia

Soehardinata, Ruth Medyani (2021) Life Cycle Assessment Kendaraan Listrik Berbasis Baterai di Indonesia = Battery Electric Vehicle Life Cycle Assessment in Indonesia. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Jumlah kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia terus meningkat. Pada tahun 2018, jumlah kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia sudah mencapai 146 juta kendaraan. Hal ini menimbulkan permasalahan karena kendaraan bermotor yang banyak digunakan masih berbahan bakar bensin dan memberikan dampak lingkungan yang buruk. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah menggunakan kendaraan listrik. Indonesia yang kaya akan sumber daya alam memiliki potensi yang besar untuk memproduksi kendaraan listrik tersebut. Namun, permasalahan yang ditemukan adalah belum diketahuinya dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan oleh kendaraan tersebut. Maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan oleh kendaraan listrik dan membandingkan dampak lingkungan dari kendaraan listrik dan kendaraan dengan bahan bakar minyak untuk mengetahui apakah kendaraan listrik dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh kendaraan berbahan bakar minyak. Pada penelitian ini, beberapa data yang diperlukan adalah data input dan output pada tahap produksi, penggunaan, dan end-of-life dari kendaraan listrik berbasis baterai. Data-data tersebut didapatkan dari hasil studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil pengelohan data yang telah dilakukan maka dapat diketahui bahwa penggunaan kendaraan listrik di Indonesia belum bisa menyelesaikan permasalahan lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh kendaraan berbahan bakar minyak karena dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan masih lebih tinggi. Tingginya dampak lingkungan dari kendaraan listrik disebabkan oleh tahap produksi baterai dan electronic controller. Maka dari itu, salah satu hal yang bisa dilakukan adalah mendaur ulang baterai dengan cara yang benar, atau memperpanjang umur pakai baterai. / The number of motorized vehicles in Indonesia continues to increase. In 2018, the number of motorized vehicles in Indonesia has reached 146 million vehicles. This raises a problem because the motorized vehicles that are widely used still run on gasoline and have a bad environmental impact. One solution to overcome this problem is to use electric vehicles that do not produce emissions. Indonesia, which is rich in natural resources, has great potential to produce these electric vehicles. However, the problem that was found was that the environmental impact produced by the vehicle was not yet known. So this study aims to determine the environmental impact generated by electric vehicles and to make comparative life cycle assessment on electric vehicle and oil-fuelled vehicle to find out whether electric vehicles can solve the problems caused by oil-fuelled vehicles. In this study, some of the data needed are input and output data for the production, use, and end-of-life stages of battery electric vehicles. These data are obtained from the results of literature studies. Based on the results of the data analysis that has been done, it can be seen that the use of electric vehicles in Indonesia has not been able to solve the environmental problems caused by oil-fuelled vehicles because the resulting environmental impact is still higher. The high environmental impact of electric vehicles is due to the production of battery and electronic component. Therefore, one of the things that can be done is to recycle the battery in the right way, or extend the life of the battery.

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