Tinjauan yuridis atas penggunaan tenaga kerja asing oleh perusahaan penanaman modal asing

Simanjuntak, Dedy Bernandus (2017) Tinjauan yuridis atas penggunaan tenaga kerja asing oleh perusahaan penanaman modal asing. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pembangunan Nasional bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan pembangunan manusia Indonesia yang seutuhnya. Demi mencapai tujuan pembangunan nasional, salah satu usaha pemerintah adalah peningkatan penanaman modal asing. Namun, seiring masuknya investasi asing ke Indonesia, saat ini pasar tenaga kerja telah dibanjiri tenaga kerja asing (TKA) yang merupakan bagian dari investasi itu sendiri. Dasar kebijakan penggunaan TKA adalah selektif policy. Undang-Undang Nomor 25/Tahun 2007 Tentang Penanaman Modal, Undang-Undang Nomor 13/Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 6/Tahun 2011 Tentang Keimigrasian merupakan peraturan perundangan yang mengatur penggunaan TKA di Indonesia. Asas-asas peraturan penggunaan TKA di Indonesia diarahkan untuk melindungi Tenaga Kerja Lokal (TKL) dari persaingan dengan TKA di Pasar Kerja dalam negeri. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan data yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan hukum tersier. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan perundang- undangan dan pendekatan Konseptual. Hasil kajian dalam penelitian hukum ini menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan pengaturan penggunaan TKA di Indonesia menghadapi masalah seperti: Perizinan penggunaan TKA yakni RPTKA dan IMTA masih berbelit-belit, memakan waktu panjang dan biaya tinggi. Penghapusan syarat mampu berbahasa Indonesia bagi TKA menyebabkan timbulnya permasalahan di lapangan. Program alih teknologi dan keterampilan juga menghadapi kendala yakni perbedaan bahasa antara TKA dengan TKL pendamping. Selain itu, tingkat pendidikan dan keterampilan TKL masih rendah menjadi hambatan bagi pelaksanaan program ini. Pemerintah harus meningkatkan pengendalian dan pengawasan penggunaan TKA di Indonesia. Koordinasi antar lembaga merupakan kunci sukses pengendalian dan pengawasan yang dimaksud. TIM PORA merupakan ujung tombak bagi pengendalian dan pengawasan TKA terutama di daerah-daerah terpencil dan daerah perbatasan dengan negara tetangga. Doktrin of Delegation dan Doctrin of Identification serta Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 13 Tahun 2016 Tentang Tata Cara Penanganan Perkara Tindak Pidana oleh Korporasi dapat menjadi dasar penjatuhan hukuman bagi perusahaan penanaman modal asing yang menggunakan TKA ilegal / National Development aims to improve the welfare of the people and the development of a complete Indonesian human. In order to accelerate these goals, one of the government's efforts is to increase foreign investment inlfux. However, as the entry of foreign investment into Indonesia, domestic labor market is also flooded with foreign workers (TKA) which is part of the investment itself. The basis of government policy in the use of foreign workers is a selective policy. Law Number 25 / Year 2007 concerning Investment, Act Number 13 / Year 2003 on Manpower, and Law Number 6 / Year 2011 are regulation package regulate the use of foreign workers in Indonesia. Those regulation are directed to protect the Local Workforce (TKL) from competition in the domestic work market. This study is a normative legal research using data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials, which approach in this research is legislation and conceptual approach. The results of this study in legal research indicate that the implementation of foreign workers' use arrangements in Indonesia faces problems such as: Licensing the use of TKA namely RPTKA and IMTA is still complicated, takes a long time and high cost. The abolition of the Indonesian language requirement for foreign workers causes problems in the implementation. The program technology transfer and skill facing constraints such the language differences between TKA and TKL. In addition, the level of education and skills of TKL in general is still low to be an obstacle to the implementation of this program. The government should improve the control and supervision of foreign workers' use in Indonesia. Interagency coordination is the key to successful control and supervision in question. TIM PORA is the spearhead for the control and supervision of foreign workers especially in remote areas and border areas with neighboring countries. The Doctrine of Delegation and Doctrine of Identification and Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 Concerning Criminal Procedures of Corruption by Corporations can be the basis Penalty for foreign investment companies using illegal foreign workers

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