Tanggung jawab debitur pada bank terhadap musnahnya benda jaminan fidusia

Bawuna, Paula (2016) Tanggung jawab debitur pada bank terhadap musnahnya benda jaminan fidusia. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Undang-undang nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia sangat berperan bagi dunia perbankan, adapun tahapan pengikatan jaminan sebagai berikut: Pembuatan Perjanjian kredit, Pembuatan Akta Jaminan Fidusia, dan Pendaftaran jaminan fidusia. Praktiknya perjanjian kredit berjalan tidak sesuai dengan keinginan, diantaranya objek yang dijaminkan debitur kepada kreditur untuk jaminan hutang telah musnah. Sebab musnahnya objek jaminan fidusia dibedakan menjadi 2 (dua) yaitu: (1) disebabkan oleh kesalahan debitur artinya objek jaminan fidusia tersebut hilang dari penguasaannya akibat dari kecurangan atau itikad tidak baik dari debitur. (2) kedua disebabkan bukan kesalahan debitur yang artinya debitur telah menjaga objek jaminan fidusia tersebut dengan baik, tetapi karena sesuatu hal tertentu membuat objek jaminan tersebut musnah. Permasalahan yang di angkat ialah: (1) Bagaimana perlindungan hukum kreditur bank atas musnahnya benda jaminan fidusia; (2) Bagaimana tanggung jawab debitur pada bank terhadap benda jaminan fidusia yang musnah. Penelitian dalam kaitannya dengan penulisan tesis ini termasuk jenis penelitian hukum normative, yaitu penelitan hukum yang didasarkan pada data sekunder. Dalam penelitan ini dipergunakan pendekatan-pendekatan perundang- undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum kreditur bank yang diberikan oleh pemerintah dibagi menjadi dua yaitu perlindungan hukum preventif dan perlindungan hukum represif, selain itu asas-asas pokok jaminan fidusia juga merupakan sarana perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada kreditur menurut Undang-undang nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia. Undang-undang Jaminan Fidusia telah memberikan jaminan kepada kreditur apabila objek jaminan fidusia tersebut musnah maka klaim asuransi akan menggantikan objek yang telah musnah, sesuai dengan Pasal 25, butir 2 Undang- undang Jaminan Fidusia. Tanggung jawab debitur sebagai pemberi fidusia atas musnahnya objek jaminan fidusia dapat dibagi menjadi 2 (dua) yaitu (a) Tanggung jawab secara perdata yaitu dengan cara mengganti kerugian kepada kreditur atas musnahnya objek jaminan fidusia, sesuai dengan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata, dan Pasal 1367 KUHPerdata. (b) Tanggung jawab secara pidana sesuai Pasal 372 KUHP, karena Undang-undang Jaminan Fidusia belum mengatur tentang sanksi debitur yang mengfiilangkan objek jaminan, yang diatur hanya tentang pengalihan, penggadaian dan tentang menyewakan tanpa ijin debitur. Secara umum debitur bertanggung jawab mengembalikan pinjaman kredit kepada kreditur, walaupun objek jaminan fidusia tersebut diasuransikan maupun tidak diasuransikan. Dengan telah diasuransikan objek jaminan fidusia tersebut tidak serta merta menghapuskan tanggungjawab debitur / Law No. 42 of 1999 on Fiduciary has big implications banking. The procedure in fiduciary contracting is as follows: The making of credit agreement, the making of fiduciary deed, and the registration of fiduciary. In practice, credit agreement does not always run as expected for the fact that the object that is being made as collateral to the creditor has ceased to exist. Fiduciary object may cease to exist for 2 (two) primary reasons: (1) The debtor’s fault; meaning that the fiduciary objet cease to exist from the debtor’s posession due to debtor’s fault or bad faith; (2) Other causes beyond debtor’s fault; which means that debtor has put all his/her efforts to safeguard the fiduciary object but due to other causes beyond the debtor’s control, the object ceases to exist. The issue raised is (1) how the legal protection of creditors notch on the destruction of fiduciary; (2) how the responsibility of the debtor on the bank of the object fiduciary wipeout. The study which is in relationship to the thesis is a normative legal study which is secondary data. There are two legal approaches used: they are statute approach and conceptual approach. The result of this research shows that The legal protection granted by the creditor banks that the government is divided into two: the legal protection of preventive and repressive legal protection, in addition to the basic principles of fiduciary guarantee is also a means of legal protection given to creditors in accordance with Act number 42 of 1999 on Fiduciary , Fiduciary Law has provided a guarantee to the lender if the object fiduciary destroyed then the insurance claim to replace objects that have been destroyed, in accordance with Article 25, item 2 of Law Fiduciary. The liability of debtor toward the loss of fiduciary object can be divided into two, namely: (a) Private liability by compensating creditor for the loss of fiduciary object based on Article 1365 of KUHPerdata, dan Article 1367 of KUHPerdata; (b) Public/criminal liability based on Article 372 Criminal Code (‘KUHP’) since the Fiduciary Law has not yet provided sanctions for debtors who caused the loss of fiduciary object. What is stipulated by the law is only on transfer, mortgage, and rental without permission from debtor. Generall speaking, debtor is responsible toward returning his/her debt to the creditor regardless of whether such fiduciary object is insured or not. The insurance of such fiduciary object does not nullify debtor’s liability

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Bawuna, PaulaNIM00000009186UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorPandamdari, EndangNIDN0313026002UNSPECIFIED
Additional Information: T 56-14 BAW T
Uncontrolled Keywords: Kedudukan Kreditur ; Musnahnya Objek Jaminan ; Tanggung Jawab ; Creditor’s Position ; The Loss of Fiduciary Object ; Debtor’s Liability
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary
Depositing User: Users 18 not found.
Date Deposited: 10 May 2019 04:37
Last Modified: 04 Nov 2021 06:12
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/3295

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