Peranan notaris untuk mencegah klausula eksonerasi dalam perjanjian kredit bank

Tanuwidjaya, Evira (2017) Peranan notaris untuk mencegah klausula eksonerasi dalam perjanjian kredit bank. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Sebagai upaya untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen di Indonesia, pada 20 April 1999 diundangkan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK), yang mulai berlaku pada 20 April 2000. Pada tahun 2013, perlindungan konsumen, khususnya untuk konsumen jasa keuangan, dipertegas oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) sebagai otoritas yang mengatur dan mengawasi sektor jasa keuangan, termasuk di dalamnya perbankan, dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No. 1/POJK.07/2013 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen Sektor Jasa Keuangan (POJK tentang Perlindungan Konsumen), yang mulai berlaku 26 Juli 2014. Sebagai petunjuk pelaksanaan POJK tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, pada tanggal 20 Agustus 2014, mengeluarkan Surat Edaran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 13/SEOJK.07/2014 tentang Perjanjian Baku. Dalam surat edaran tersebut, pelaku usaha jasa keuangan dilarang memasukkan dalam perjanjian bakunya, klausula eksonerasi / eksemsi, yang didefinisikan sebagai klausula yang isinya menambah hak dan / atau mengurangi kewajiban pelaku usaha jasa keuangan atau mengurangi hak dan / atau menambah kewajiban konsumen. Dengan adanya aturan tersebut, maka klausula eksonerasi tidak boleh ada dalam perjanjian kredit antara bank dengan nasabah. Dalam pembuatan dan penandatanganan perjanjian kredit dengan nasabah, bank juga acapkali mempersyaratkan bahwa perjanjian kredit dibuat dalam bentuk akta notaris, atau setidaknya melibatkan notaris, baik berupa legalisasi maupun waarmerking. Peran yang dapat dilakukan notaris dalam mencegah penggunaan klausula eksonerasi dalam akta perjanjian kredit, adalah berupa penyuluhan hukum. Notaris diharuskan menjelaskan dan meyakinkan kepada pihak bank, bahwa klausula tersebut bertentangan dengan prinsip maupun peraturan mengenai perlindungan konsumen. Walaupun seolah-olah klausula eksonerasi melindungi atau pro ke pihak bank, jika menilik pada ketentuan UUPK maupun POJK tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, pencantuman klausula eksonerasi ini malahan menjadi bumerang. Ada banyak dampak negatif yang akan ditimbulkan dari ketidakpatuhan bank terhadap larangan klausula eksonerasi. Adanya ancaman kebatalan klausula eksonerasi, kemungkinan mendapat gugatan dari nasabah dan sanksi administratif yang dikenakan oleh OJK merupakan akibat yang akan dihadapi bank dari pencantuman klausula eksonerasi dalam perjanjian kredit / As an effort to provide legal protection for consumers in Indonesia, Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (UUPK) was issued on 20 April 1999, which enacted on 20 April 2000. In 2013, consumer protection, particularly for consumers of financial services, reinforced by Indonesian Financial Services Authority (OJK) as the authority that regulates and supervises the financial services sector, including banks. OJK issued Regulation of Indonesian Financial Services Authority No. 1 / POJK.07 / 2013 on Financial Services Sector Consumer Protection (POJK on Consumer Protection), which came into force on 26 July 2014. To implement POJK on Consumer Protection, on 20 August 2014, OJK issued Circular Letter of Indonesian Financial Services Authority No.13/SEOJK.07/2014 on Standard Agreement. In these circular letter, the financial services providers are prohibited to include exoneration/exemption clause in its standard agreement. Exoneration/exemption clause is defined as a clause that adds to the rights and / or reduce the obligations of financial services provider or reduce the rights and / or increase consumer obligations. Therefore, the exoneration clause shall not exist in the credit agreement between the bank and its customers. In the creation and signing of credit agreements with customers, banks also often requires that credit agreements are made in the form of a notarial deed, or at least involve a notary, either through legalization or waarmerking. The role of the notary to prevent the application of exoneration clause in the credit agreement, is by giving legal counseling. Notary is required to explain and convince the bank that such clause is contrary to the principles and rules on consumer protection. Although, the exoneration clauses seem like protecting or pro to the bank, in the view of the provisions of UUPK and POJK on Consumer Protection, the inclusion of this exoneration clause even backfire. There are many negative impacts that will result from non-compliance of the prohibition of the exoneration clause. The threat of nullification exoneration clause, the possibility of getting a lawsuit from a customer and administrative sanctions imposed by OJK will be be faced by the bank, if the bank includes the exoneration clause in the credit agreement

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Tanuwidjaya, EviraNIM00000012631UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorSihombing, JonkerNIDN8838820016UNSPECIFIED
Additional Information: T 56-14 TAN p
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary
Depositing User: Users 18 not found.
Date Deposited: 19 Jun 2019 03:20
Last Modified: 03 Dec 2021 07:27
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/3404

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