Hubungan Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kesehatan Jiwa Pada Remaja Indonesia Berusia 10 – 24 Tahun Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19 = The relationship between the level of physical activity and the mental health of Indonesian teenagers from 10 – 24 years of age during the covid-19 pandemic

Aliman, Ivanna Ingrid (2021) Hubungan Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kesehatan Jiwa Pada Remaja Indonesia Berusia 10 – 24 Tahun Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19 = The relationship between the level of physical activity and the mental health of Indonesian teenagers from 10 – 24 years of age during the covid-19 pandemic. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Aktivitas fisik memiliki peran yang penting dalam perkembangan dan pertumbuhan para remaja, baik secara fisik maupun secara mental. Namun tingkat aktivitas fisik di Indonesia masih cukup rendah. Menurut RISKESDAS 2013, 26.1% dari penduduk Indonesia menunjukkan aktivitas fisik yang tidak mencukupi rekomendasi. Dengan terjadinya pandemi COVID-19 dan penerapan PSBB dan PJJ, aktivitas fisik menurun dan gangguan jiwa pun meningkat di Indonesia. Terdapat banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kesehatan jiwa pada remaja, salah satunya adalah aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini masih terbatas di Indonesia, terutama pada populasi remaja pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik terhadap kesehatan jiwa pada remaja rentang usia 10 – 24 tahun pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Hipotesis: Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dan kesehatan jiwa pada remaja rentang usia 10 – 24 tahun selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Metodologi Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi potong lintang (cross-sectional) yang dilakukan pada 122 remaja berusia 10 – 24 tahun di Indonesia yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Populasi sampel diambil dengan metode non-probability sampling. Data akan diperoleh dengan meminta subjek penelitian untuk mengisi kuesioner IPAQ dan Kessler-10 yang sudah tervalidasi di Indonesia, dan juga mengisi data mengenai status sosial ekonominya. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah chi-square dan korelasi Spearman. Data akan dianalisa menggunakan IBM SPSS versi 23.0. Hasil dikatakan bermakna apabila p < 0.05. Hasil Penelitian: Sebanyak 76 remaja (38.4%) dari 198 remaja memiliki tingkat aktivitas fisik yang ringan, dimana 41 remaja (53.9%) di antaranya mengalami gangguan jiwa sedang dan berat. Tingkat aktivitas fisik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kesehatan jiwa remaja Indonesia (p-value = 0.0005) dengan korelasi yang sedang dan tidak searah (r = –0.417). Kesimpulan: Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dan kesehatan jiwa remaja Indonesia dengan korelasi sedang dan tidak searah, dimana kejadian gangguan jiwa meningkat ketika tingkat aktivitas fisik menurun. / Background: Physical activity plays an important role in the growth and development of teenagers, both physically and mentally. However, the level of physical activity in Indonesia remains quite low. According to RISKESDAS 2013, 26.1% of Indonesians don’t achieve the recommended levels of physical activity. With the COVID-19 pandemic and implementation of PSBB and PJJ, physical activity levels decrease and the incidence of mental disorders increase in Indonesia. Many factors influence the mental health of teenagers, one of them being physical activity. This study is still limited in Indonesia, especially on the teenage population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the level of physical activity and the mental health of teenagers from 10 – 24 years of age during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hypothesis: There is a correlation between the level of physical activity and the mental health of teenagers from 10 – 24 years of age during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional study is conducted on 122 teenagers between the ages of 10 to 24 years old in Indonesia who fulfill the study’s criteria. The sample population is collected by non-probability sampling. Data is collected by having the subject fill out the Kessler-10 and IPAQ questionnaires which have both been validated for use in Indonesia, and to also fill out data regarding the subject’s socioeconomic status. The statistical test used for this study is chi-square test and Spearman correlation. Data analysis is done by using the IBM SPSS version 23.0. The results are said to be significant if p < 0.05. Results: Data shows that 76 (38.4%) out of 198 teenagers have a low level of physical activity, in which 41 teenagers (53.9%) among them experience moderate and severe mental disorder. Physical activity is found to have a significant relationship with the mental health of Indonesian teenagers (p-value = 0.0005) with moderate and inverse correlation. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the physical activity and mental health of Indonesian teenagers with moderate and inverse correlation, where the incidence of mental problems increases as physical activity decreases.

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