Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian Diare Pada Balita Di Soe, Nusa Tenggara Timur

Nubatonis, Elsa Anita and Silaban, Poda Chronika (2021) Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian Diare Pada Balita Di Soe, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death and diarrhea kills more than one point five million children each year and is more common in children under five years. Environmental factors such as unclean drinking water sources, improper latrine ownership, improper waste disposal and the absence of sewerage (SPAL) are the dominant factors causing diarrhea in children under five. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between environmental factors and the incidence of diarrhea among toddlers in Soe, East Nusa Tenggara. This research uses correlational quantitative method with cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study amounted to 91 people, namely mothers who have toddlers aged 12-59 months who are registered at Posyandu Oekamusa Soe, East Nusa Tenggara with a maternal age of 18-49 years and also a minimum length of stay in Soe with six months with, purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The results of the research on the univariate analysis found that 48 (52.7%) respondents had an unhealthy environment and as many as 73 (80.2%) respondents, their toddlers had experienced diarrhea. The results of bivariate analysis using chi-square obtained p-value of 0.600 (> 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no relationship between environmental factors and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Soe, East Nusa Tenggara. Suggestions for the health center can pay more attention to factors that may be the cause of diarrhea in children under five in addition to environmental factors, when toddlers are brought to the puskesmas because of diarrhea. Further researchers, can examine other factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea in children under five such as gender, knowledge and education of mothers, exclusive breastfeeding, immunization for toddlers, and behavior and care of mothers in children under five./ Diare menjadi penyebab kematian kedua dan juga diare membunuh anak lebih dari satu koma lima juta setiap tahunnya dan lebih sering terjadi pada anak di bawah lima tahun. Faktor lingkungan seperti sumber air minum yang tidak bersih, kepemilikan jamban yang tidak tepat, pembuangan sampah yang tidak tepat dan ketiadaan saluran pembuangan air limbah (SPAL) menjadi faktor yang dominan menyebabkan diare pada balita. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor lingkungan terhadap kejadian diare pada Balita di Soe, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 91 orang yaitu ibu yang memiliki balita usia 12-59 bulan yang terdaftar di Posyandu Oekamusa Soe, Nusa Tenggara Timur dengan usia ibu 18 - 49 tahun dan juga lama menetap di Soe minimal enam bulan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner. Hasil penelitian pada analisis univariat diketahui sebanyak 48 (52,7%) responden memiliki lingkungan yang tidak sehat dan sebanyak 73 (80,2%) responden, balitanya pernah mengalami sakit diare. Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan chi-square didapatkan p-value 0,600 (> 0,05), sehingga disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan faktor lingkungan terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di Soe, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Saran untuk puskesmas dapat lebih memperhatikan faktor yang mungkin menjadi penyebab diare pada balita selain faktor lingkungan, Ketika balita dibawa ke puskesmas karena diare. Peneliti selanjutnya, dapat meneliti faktor-faktor lain yang memengaruhi kejadian diare pada balita seperti jenis kelamin, pengetahuan dan pendidikan Ibu, pemberian ASI eksklusif, imunisasi pada balita, serta perilaku dan perawatan Ibu pada balita.

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