Faktor risiko kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut pada balita di Kabupaten Sumba Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

Zebua, Devi and Do'o, Imelda and Lawa, Yasnia (2021) Faktor risiko kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut pada balita di Kabupaten Sumba Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan penyakit yang sangat sering dijumpai dengan manifestasi ringan sampai berat. Kejadian ISPA dapat dipengaruhi oleh status gizi, status imunisasi, pemberian ASI eksklusif, berat badan lahir rendah, perilaku merokok anggota keluarga, dan tingkat pengetahuan ibu. Pada tahun 2018 didapatkan sebanyak 3.529 kejadian ISPA pada balita di NTT. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor risiko dengan kejadian ISPA pada balita di Kabupaten Sumba Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampel menggunakan convenience sampling dengan jumlah sampel 389 balita. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p-value = 0,008) dan tingkat pengetahuan ibu (p-value = 0,02) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian ISPA di Kabupaten Sumba. Status gizi (p-value = 0,763), status imunisasi (p-value = 0,085), berat badan lahir rendah (p-value = 0,426), dan perilaku merokok anggota keluarga (p-value = 0,739) tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian ISPA di Kabupaten Sumba. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini diharapkan ibu yang memiliki balita memberikan ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan dan meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu dengan membaca serta aktif mengikuti pendidikan kesehatan yang diadakan dalam wilayah kerja puskesmas. / Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a very common disease with mild to severe manifestations. The incidence of ARI can be influenced by nutritional status, immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding, low birth weight, smoking behavior of family members, and mother's knowledge level. In 2018 there were 3,529 incidents of ARI in children under five in NTT. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors with the incidence of ARI in children under five in Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This type of research is correlational quantitative with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used convenience sampling with a sample size of 389 children under five. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data analysis using chi-square. The results showed that exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.008) and mother's knowledge level (p-value = 0.02) had a significant relationship with the incidence of ARI in Sumba Regency. Nutritional status (p-value = 0.763), immunization status (p-value = 0.085), low birth weight (p-value = 0.426), and smoking behavior of family members (p-value = 0.739) did not have a significant relationship with the incidence of ARI in Sumba Regency. Recommendations from this study are expected that mothers with toddlers provide exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and increase their knowledge by actively participating in health education held in the public health center.

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