Penerapan konsep high potential affordances dan high independent mobility pada Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak = The application of the concept of high potential affordances and high independent mobility in child friendly integrated public space

Alviando, Stanly (2021) Penerapan konsep high potential affordances dan high independent mobility pada Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak = The application of the concept of high potential affordances and high independent mobility in child friendly integrated public space. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak (RPTRA) saat ini masih belum dipersepsikan sebagai tempat bermain secara total pada seluruh kawasannya. Fasilitas di RPTRA masih seakan berdiri sendiri-sendiri dan kurang menawarkan beragam affordances. Bentuk playground pun cenderung tradisional dan tidak berkembang setiap tahunnya. Area aktivitas anak untuk bermain cenderung terbatas pada satu titik tertentu. Kurangnya potensi affordances yang ditawarkan oleh RPTRA sebagai tempat bermain ditambah keterbatasan mobilitas anak membuat teori affordances dirasa perlu diterapkan pada area RPTRA saat ini. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini akan mencari tahu mengenai apa elemen desain playground pada studi preseden yang mendukung high potential affordances dan high idependent mobility, bagaimana strategi desain RPTRA yang mendukung high potential affordances dan high independent mobilty dan bagaimana cara penerapan high potential affordances dan high independent mobilty pada perancangan RPTRA. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi literatur dan observasi. Proses observasi dilakukan pada studi preseden dan studi kasus. Berdasarkan studi literatur dan studi preseden, ditemukan elemen-elemen pembentuk playground dan pemetaannya pada latar tingkah laku, posisi, dan taksonomi affordances pada setiap elemen fasilitas playground. Berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan melalui studi kasus, ditemukan pemetaan kualitas affordances dan data perkembangan kawasan RPTRA dari tahun 2015 sampai 2019 baik dari segi potensi affordances fasilitas pada masing-masing RPTRA ataupun ruang mobilitas berdasarkan keadaan eksisting fasilitas dan program ruang di RPTRA studi kasus. Penemuan dari studi literatur dan obeservasi menghasilkan posisi perancangan RPTRA saat ini sebagai ruang bermain anak yang cenderung termasuk ke dalam kategori ‘glasshouse’ dan ‘wasteland’. Strategi desain RPTRA dibuat dengan mengintegrasikan antara latar tingkah laku dan posisi affordances terhadap fitur/ objek lingkungan di RPTRA yang mendukung potensi affordances yang tinggi. Kemungkinan aksi yang terjadi juga harus cenderung bebas ketimbang dibatasi untuk meningkatkan mobilitas mandiri anak. / Currently, Child-friendly Integrated Public Space (RPTRA) is still not perceived as a place to play in its entire area. The facilities at RPTRA still seem to stand alone and do not offer a variety of affordances. The playground tyoe also tend to be traditional playground and don’t develop every year. The area of children’s activities to play tends to be limited to one particular point. The lack of potential affordances offered by RPTRA as a place to play and the limited independent mobility of children makes theory of affordances considered necessary to be applied in the current RPTRA. Therefore this research will find out about what elements of playground design in the precedent studies that support high potential affordances and high independent mobility, how the RPTRA design strategy that supports high potential affordances and high independent mobility, and how to apply high potential affordances and high independent mobiltiy on the design of RPTRA. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods, with data collection technique in the form of literature study and observation. The observation process was carried out in precedent studies and case studies. Based on the literature studies and presedent studies, it is found that the elements that form playground and their mapping on the behaviour background, position, and affordances taxonomic on each element of the playground facilities. Based on observations made through case studies, it was found mapping of the quality of affordances and data on the development of the RPTRA area from 2015 to 2019 both in terms of the potential affordances of facilities in each RPTRA or mobility space based on the existing state of facilities and space programs in the case study RPTRA. The findings from the literature study and obeservations resulted in the current design position of the RPTRA as a children’s play environment which tends to fall into the ‘glasshouse’ and ‘wasteland’ categories. Therefore, the RPTRA design strategy is made by integrating the behavior background and the affordances position of environmental features/ objects in RPTRA to obtain high potential affordances. Possible actions that occur should tend to be free, rather than limited to increase the children’s independet mobility.

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