Perancangan Resort Water Neutral dengan Strategi Desain Biotechnique = Biotechnique design strategies for water neutral resort

Budiarta, Vania Serrafine (2021) Perancangan Resort Water Neutral dengan Strategi Desain Biotechnique = Biotechnique design strategies for water neutral resort. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Banyak faktor pemicu terjadinya krisis air di Bali, yakni kekeringan atau perubahan iklim, peningkatan pesat dalam pariwisata, dan kurangnya ruang penyerapan. Kekeringan dan perubahan iklim menyebabkan mengeringnya sumber air lokal. Sistem irigasi air “subak” yang digunakan untuk mengairi sawah juga terpengaruh. Kurangnya ruang resapan mengacu pada bagaimana industri pariwisata tidak hanya mengekstraksi pasokan air tawar lokal secara berlebihan tetapi juga mengubah daerah resapan air menjadi lingkungan terbangun yang mengurangi laju infiltrasi. Semua faktor ini, dengan satu atau lain cara, diciptakan oleh manusia yang tidak hidup selaras dengan alam. Makalah ini akan membahas bagaimana konsep water neutral dapat mengatasi masalah berkurangnya sumber air di Bali dengan cara menciptakan bangunan yang tidak hanya berkelanjutan tetapi juga dapat memberikan kembali kepada lingkungan. Sebuah water neutral resort dapat mengumpulkan sumber air alternatif on-site dan menggunakannya untuk semua kebutuhan air dalam resort sehingga tidak tergantung pada Sumber Daya Air negara. Selain itu, air limbah yang diproduksi resort diolah on-site sehingga dapat secara langsung dikembalikan ke alam. Pendekatan biotechnique dapat membantu mencapai water neutrality dengan cara mengimitasi atau meniru bagaimana flora dan fauna dapat menjaga keseimbangan dalam siklus air. Pendekatan biotechnique membantu proses desain dalam mengeksplorasi dan menentukan bentuk modul sistem pengumpulan sumber air alternatif yang paling efektif. Selain itu, biotechnique juga dapat diimplementasikan dalam pengolahan air dalam resort agar dapat dilakukan dengan cara yang berkelanjutan dan aman untuk lingkungan. Hal-hal ini memungkinkan bangunan untuk menjadi suatu sistem kehidupan yang berkontribusi pada ekosistem dan bukan yang merusak. / Many factors triggered the water crisis in Bali. Drought or climate change, rapid rise in tourism, and lack of absorption space are some of them. Drought and climate change causes freshwater aquifers to dry up, and in turn, the water irrigation system, also called “subak,” which is used to water local rice paddies, is affected as well. The lack of absorption space refers to how the tourism industry has not only over-extract the island’s freshwater supply but has also taken vast lands and turn them into built environments that decreases the infiltration rate of the land. All these factors are, in one way or another, created by humans not living in harmony with nature. This paper will discuss how the water neutral concept could respond to the diminishing local water sources in Bali by creating buildings that are not only sustainable but could also give back to the environment. A water neutral resort allows the building to not only have a balanced water use, but also aims to collect an excess of alternative water sources that could be returned to the environment and recharge local aquifers. The water neutral resort will then be able to supply all the water needs of the resort so that it does not rely on local water supply. The biotechnique approach could help in achieving water neutrality by mimicking or imitating how the natural ecosystem maintains a balance in the water cycle. The biotechnique approach assists the design process in exploring and determining the most effective form of modules for the alternative water resource collection systems. In addition, biotechnique can also be implemented in water treatment within the site so that it can be carried out in a sustainable and safe way for the environment. These factors allow the building to become a living system that becomes a contributing component to the ecosystem and not a destructive one.

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