Perancangan ruang sakral kolektif dalam spiritual garden melalui narasi toleransi di kota Yogyakarta = Design of collective sacred space in spiritual garden through tolerance narrative in Yogyakarta City

Hatijanto, Praisella (2021) Perancangan ruang sakral kolektif dalam spiritual garden melalui narasi toleransi di kota Yogyakarta = Design of collective sacred space in spiritual garden through tolerance narrative in Yogyakarta City. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Ruang sakral dalam semua kepercayaan memiliki karakter tersendiri. Penulisan ini membahas tentang ruang sakral keagamaan di Indonesia pada agama Kristen dan Katolik, Islam, Buddha, Konghucu, dan Hindu. Hal yang akan diteliti adalah mengenai 3 hal yaitu; Menganalisa objek sakral, media, elemen, material dan dikaitkan dengan arsitektur narasi toleransi. Kata “Sakral” bersinggungan dengan religi, mitos, dan sejarah. Salah satu penyebab konflik sosial di Indonesia karena pembangunan rumah ibadah. Konflik dipicu oleh rasa intoleran antarmanusia, sehingga timbulnya perdebatan. Indonesia merupakan negara multikultural, dimana terdapat banyak keragaman ras, etnis, suku dan agama. Sebuah konflik terjadi karena perbedaan pandangan antara dua atau lebih kelompok masyarakat di suatu wilayah. Masalah yang akan dikaji adalah bagaimana strategi pembentukan ruang sakral kolektif dalam narasi toleransi? Alasan penulis lebih memilih membentuk ruang sakral dibanding sebuah rumah ibadah karena ritual dapat dilakukan dimana saja, tidak ada peraturan yang tertulis bahwa ibadah perlu dilakukan dalam bangunan. Sehingga yang diperlukan adalah simbol kesrakalan setiap keagamaan. Kota Yogyakarta adalah area yang berpotensi dibangunnya ruang sakral keagamaan dengan alasan karena kota ini memiliki jenis masyarakat yang majemuk dengan slogan “Jogjakarta City of Tolerance” yang sudah berlangsung 12 tahun, namun sikap diskriminasi antar-masyarakat masih terjadi. Sehingga dengan adanya rancangan ruang sakral kolektif, penulis berharap dapat memberikan ide pemerintah Yogjakarta pada aspek religi untuk mencapai cita-citanya yaitu “Jogjakarta City of Tolerance”. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyatukan perbedaan sehingga terbentuk sikap toleransi antarmanusia sehingga dapat menjalankan ritual keagamaan tanpa adanya gesekan satu dengan yang lain dalam ruang sakral kolektif. Rangkaian Metode penelitian melalui penelitian sejarah, pengumulan data kualitatif, studi kasus dan penelitian korelasi. Melalui medote penulisan normatif dengan membandingkan setiap ruang sakral keagamaan akan muncul perbedaan, dibantu melalui metodologi biotopic narrative akan muncul relasi yang saling mendukung antar ruang sakral. Sebuah perbedaan tidak lagi memicu konflik, namun yang ditimbulkan rasa perdamaian. Dengan karya arsitektur ini akan menjadi wadah toleransi pada kota Yogjakarta, dan warga Jogja-pun akan mengerti bagaimana menerima perbedaan bukan dengan diskriminasi melainkan melalui rasa toleransi. / The sacred space in all faiths has its own character. This writing discusses the religious sacred space in Indonesia in Christianity and Catholicism, Islam, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Hinduism. Things that will be researched are about 3 things; Analyzing sacred objects, media, elements, materials and related to the narrative architecture of tolerance. The word "sacred" intersects with religion, myth, and history. One of the causes of social conflict in Indonesia is the construction of places of worship. The conflict was triggered by a sense of intolerance between people, resulting in debate. Indonesia is a multicultural country, where there is a large diversity of races, ethnicities, ethnicities, and religions. A conflict occurs because of differences in views between two or more community groups in an area. The problem that will be studied is how is the strategy of forming collective sacred space in the narrative of tolerance? The reason the writer prefers to form a sacred space rather than a house of worship is because rituals can be performed anywhere, there is no written rule that worship needs to be done in a building. The city of Yogyakarta is an area that has the potential for the development of sacred religious spaces on the grounds that this city has a diverse society with the slogan "Jogjakarta City of Tolerance" which has been going on for 12 years, but the attitude of inter-community discrimination still occurs. So that with the design of the collective sacred space, the authors hope to provide ideas for the Yogyakarta government on the religious aspect to achieve its ideals, namely "Jogjakarta City of Tolerance". This writing aims to unify differences to form an attitude of tolerance between people so that they can carry out religious rituals without friction with one another in the collective sacred space. The series of research methods through historical research, qualitative data collection, case studies and correlation research. Through a normative writing method by comparing each religious sacred space, differences will appear, assisted by a biotopic narrative methodology, mutually supportive relationships will emerge between sacred spaces. A difference no longer triggers conflict, but one that creates a sense of peace. With this architectural work it will become a forum for tolerance in the city of Yogyakarta, and the citizens of Yogyakarta will understand how to accept differences not by discrimination but through a sense of tolerance.

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