Pengaturan dan penanganan Bitcoin: studi komparatif antara Indonesia, Australia dan Jepang

Kurniawan, Nadialista (2021) Pengaturan dan penanganan Bitcoin: studi komparatif antara Indonesia, Australia dan Jepang. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar belakang penelitian ini yaitu perkembangan dan penggunaan Bitcoin di Indonesia yang terus berkembang memiliki beberapa permasalahan dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu peneliti menganalisis pengaturan dan implementasi bahan hukum atau peraturan perundang-undangan berlaku di masyarakat, dengan melakukan perbandingan pengaturan hukum mengenai Bitcoin pada negara Australia dan Jepang, yang mana analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Teori Hukum Progresif dan Teori Kepastian Hukum. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan hukum Bitcoin di Indonesia adalah sebagai aset virtual atau aset komoditas berjangka yang dapat diperdagangkan di Bursa Berjangka dan dilarang penggunannya sebagai legal tender atau virtual currency oleh Bank Indonesia. Jepang sebagai negara pionir dalam pengaturan hukum mengenai Bitcoin dan Australia yang telah menerbitkan beberapa regulasi serta melakukan amandemen peraturan yang telah, berada jauh didepan Pemerintah Indonesia berada dalam fase wait-and-see yang memilih melihat serta mempelajari bagaimana negara lain mengimplementasikan regulasi mengenai Bitcoin di negaranya dan bagaimana dampak yang akan timbul. Berbagai masalah yang timbul dalam penggunaan Bitcoin yang dapat mengganggu stabilitas moneter dan stabilitas keuangan di Indonesia, yang mana menjadi fungsi dan tugas Bank Indonesia. Kehadiran Central Bank Digital Currency yang tengah dikaji oleh hampir seluruh negara di dunia dicanangkan menjadi solusi atas maraknya penggunaan Bitcoin di Indonesia. / The background of this research is the development and use of Bitcoin in Indonesia which continues to grow and has several problems in its implementation. This research is a normative legal research, where the researcher analyzes the regulation and implementation of legal materials or regulation in the society, by comparing the legal arrangements regarding Bitcoin in Australia and Japan, where the analysis is carried out using Progressive Legal Theory and Legal Certainty Theory. The results of the study indicate that the legal standing of Bitcoin in Indonesia is as a virtual asset or commodity futures asset that can be traded on the Futures Exchange and its use as a legal tender or virtual currency is prohibited by Bank Indonesia. Japan, as a pioneer country in legal regulation regarding Bitcoin and Australia, which has issued several regulations and amended existing regulations, are far ahead of the Indonesian government, which is in a wait-and-see phase which chooses to see and study how other countries implement regulations regarding Bitcoin in their country and how the impact will be arise. Various problems that arise in the use of Bitcoin that can disrupt monetary stability and financial stability in Indonesia, which are the functions and duties of Bank Indonesia. The presence of the Central Bank Digital Currency which is being studied by almost all countries in the world is proclaimed to be a solution to the widespread use of Bitcoin in Indonesia.

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