Analisis interaksi obat pada pasien kanker di poliklinik rawat jalan rumah sakit khusus kanker “x” Jakarta Selatan = Analysis of drug interactions in cancer patients in the outpatient clinic of cancer hospital "X" South Jakarta

Suwandi, Aripin (2021) Analisis interaksi obat pada pasien kanker di poliklinik rawat jalan rumah sakit khusus kanker “x” Jakarta Selatan = Analysis of drug interactions in cancer patients in the outpatient clinic of cancer hospital "X" South Jakarta. Diploma thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Perubahan aktivitas farmakologi dari suatu obat dapat terjadi sebagai akibat dari penggunaannya bersama obat lain sehingga menyebabkan meningkat atau berkurangnya efek suatu obat atau bahkan meningkatkan toksisitas. Bertambahnya kompleksitas obat-obatan yang digunakan dalam pengobatan terutama pada polifarmasi, memungkinkan potensi terjadinya interaksi antar obat semakin besar. Demikian halnya dalam penggunaan secara bersamaan obat kemoterapi oral dengan obat oral lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien terdiagnosis kanker berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia dan diagnosis penyakit serta gambaran interaksi obat berdasarkan skala interaksi obat dan interaksi obat yang paling banyak terjadi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif retrospektif, yaitu dengan mengambil data dari seluruh resep pasien rawat jalan bulan Januari sampai dengan Februari 2021. Sampel dipilah berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan data obat yang berpotensi terjadi interaksi diolah dengan menggunakan software Micromedex. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan dari 145 lembar resep yang dianalisa 114 (78,62%) lembar resep dengan pasien berjenis kelamin perempuan dan 31 (21,38%) dari pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Pasien dalam kelompok usia lebih dari 60 tahun merupakan yang terbanyak terdiagnosis kanker yaitu sebanyak 29,66%. Diagnosis penyakit kanker yang terbanyak adalah kanker payudara yaitu sebanyak 89 (61,38%) kasus. Interaksi obat yang terjadi paling banyak adalah dalam skala major (berat) yaitu sebanyak sembilan (3,64%) kasus. Interaksi antara Tamoksifen dengan genistein merupakan yang paling banyak terjadi yaitu sebanyak empat (30,77%) kasus./Changes in the pharmacological activity of a drug can occur as a result of its use with other drugs, causing an increase or decrease in the effect of a drug or even increased toxicity. The increasing complexity of drugs used in medicine, especially in polypharmacy, allows the potential for interactions between drugs to be greater. Likewise in the concurrent use of oral chemotherapy drugs with other oral drugs. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients diagnosed with cancer based on gender,age and disease diagnosis and description of drug interactions based on the scale of drug interactions and drug interactions that occur the most. The study was conducted using a retrospective descriptive method, namely by taking data from all outpatient prescriptions from January to February 2021. Samples were sorted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and drug data with potential interactions were processed using Micromedex software. The results of the study showed that from 145 prescription sheets analyzed 114 (78.62%) prescription sheets with female patients and 31 (21.38%) male patients. Patients in the age group of more than 60 years were the most diagnosed with cancer, as many as 29.66%. Most cancer diagnoses were breast cancer, which was 89 (61.38%) cases. The level of severity of drug interactions that occur the most is on a major scale (severe) as many as nine (3.64%) cases. The interaction between Tamoksifen and genistein was the most common in four (30.77%) cases.

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