Skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% daun Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst.) terhadap bakteri Bacillus subtilis = Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity testing ethanol extract 96% pepaya Jepang leaves (cnidoscolus aconitifolius (mill.) I.M.Johnst.) againts bacillus subtilis

Takang, Cindy Claudia (2021) Skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% daun Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst.) terhadap bakteri Bacillus subtilis = Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity testing ethanol extract 96% pepaya Jepang leaves (cnidoscolus aconitifolius (mill.) I.M.Johnst.) againts bacillus subtilis. Diploma thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Diare merupakan penyakit yang terjadi karena perubahan konsentrasi feses dan frekuensi buang air besar yang tinggi dalam sehari, yang disebabkan oleh adanya infeksi mikroorganisme yaitu bakteri. Daun Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst) merupakan tanaman yang biasa digunakan sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengobati beberapa penyakit yaitu, diare, demam berdarah, dan mencegah anemia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antibakteri yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol 96% daun Pepaya Jepang. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian adalah maserasi, skrining fitokimia, dan studi literatur. Hasil rendemen yang diperolehdari proses ekstraksi ialah 15,93%. Hasil skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak etanol 96% daun Pepaya Jepang ialah alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid, dan fenol. Pada studi literatur yang dilakukan pada hasil penelitian sebelumnya diperoleh beberapa kandidat senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Bacillus subtilis yaitu flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan steroid. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur dan hasil skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol 96% daun Pepaya Jepang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan steroid. / Diarrhea is a disease caused by a change in the concentration of stools and a high frequency of defecation during the day, which is caused by the presence of microorganisms, specifically bacteria. Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst) leaf is a plant that is extensively used in traditional medicine to cure diarrhea, dengue fever, and to avoid anemia. The purpose of this study was to assess the secondary metabolite composition and antibacterial activity of a 96% ethanol extract of Pepaya Jepang leaves. Maceration, phytochemical screening, and a literature review were used in this investigation. The phytochemical screening of Pepaya Jepang leaves in 96% ethanol extract yielded alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and phenols. Following a review of the literature, numerous candidates for secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity towards Bacillus subtilis were identified, including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. According to the findings of the literature review and phytochemical screening, a 96% ethanol extract of Pepaya Jepang leaves shows antibacterial activity due to the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids.

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