Andriyanto, Antonius (2021) Perbaikan tanah lempung ekspansif dengan larutan kitosan = Improvement of expansive clay soil with chitosan solutions. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Tanah lempung ekspansif memiliki sifat kembang susut akibat perubahan kadar air
pada tanah. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan pada konstruksi yang
berada di atasnya. Hal ini disebabkan pada tanah ekspansif memiliki mineral
lempung montmorillonite yang memiliki gaya Van Der Waals yang lemah pada
ujung lembaran silika sehingga air dan ion-ion yang berpindah dapat masuk dan
memisahkan lapisannya. Selain itu tanah ekspansif memiliki daya dukung yang
rendah. Oleh karena itu untuk mitigasi hal tersebut maka dapat dilakukan stabilisasi
tanah kimiawi dengan menggunakan bahan biopolimer. Bahan biopolimer yang
digunakan adalah larutan kitosan. Bahan baku kitosan adalah limbah cangkang
udang. Kitosan merupakan bahan yang ramah lingkungan dikarenakan kitosan
merupakan sumber daya alam terbarukan. Kitosan merupakan bahan biopolimer
yang memiliki karakteristik kation ketika dalam larutan asam sehingga ketika
dicampurkan ke dalam tanah akan berinteraksi dengan mineral lempung yang
tersebar pada tanah di mana bermuatan negatif sehingga akan membentuk seperti
gel untuk memperkuat tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan tanah lempung anorganik
dengan berat spesifik senilai 2,77, berat isi senilai 1,42 gr/cm3
, kadar air senilai
18,63%, angka pori senilai 0,962, porositas senilai 0,49 dan derajat kejenuhan
senilai 54,29%. Untuk nilai pH tanah asli senilai 6,7, pH tanah yang dicampurkan
larutan kitosan 0,1% senilai 5,6 dan nilai pH tanah yang dicampurkan dengan
larutan kitosan 0,3% senilai 5,1. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan maka pada
masa pemeliharaan hari ke-30, dapat dilihat bahwa penurunan derajat ekspansivitas
tertinggi ketika tanah dicampurkan dengan larutan kitosan 0,3% dengan nilai free
swell index sebesar 30%. Untuk penurunan nilai permebilitas tanah dan
meningkatnya kuat geser tanah serta sudut geser dalam tanah terjadi ketika tanah
dicampurkan dengan larutan kitosan 0,1% dengan penurunan nilai permeabilitas
sebesar 70,89% dan peningkatan kuat geser tanah sebesar 109,9% (pengujian direct
shear) dan 542,11% (pengujian triaxial unconsolidated undrained) serta terjadi
peningkatan sudut geser dalam tanah sebesar 79,28% pada tanah lempung
ekspansif. / Expansive soil has the property of swelling and shrinking due to changes in water
content in the soil. This can cause damage to the construction above it. This is due
to the expansive soil having the mineral montmorillonite which has a weak Van Der
Waals force at the end of the silica sheet so that water and moving ions can enter
and separate the layers. In addition, expansive soil has a low bearing capacity.
Therefore, to mitigate this, chemical soil stabilization can be carried out using
biopolymer materials. The biopolymer material used is a chitosan solution. The raw
material for chitosan is shrimp shell waste. Chitosan is an environmentally friendly
material because chitosan is a renewable natural resource. Chitosan is a biopolymer
material that has cationic characteristics when it is in acidic solution so that when
it is mixed into the soil, it will interact with clay minerals that are scattered on the
soil where it is negatively charged so that it will form of a gel to strengthen the soil.
This research uses inorganic clay with specific weight of 2,77, bulk density of 1,42
gr/cm3
, moisture content of 18,63%, void ratio of 0,962, porosity of 0,49 and degree
of saturation of 54,29%. The pH value for the original soil is 6,7, the pH value for
the soil mixed with 0,1% chitosan solution is 5,6 and the pH value for the soil mixed
with 0,3% chitosan solution is 5,1. Based on the research, during the 30th days, it
can be seen that the highest decrease in degree of expansion when soil is mixed
with 0,3% chitosan solution with free swell index value of 30%. For decrease in the
value of soil permeability and an increase in soil shear strength and the angle of
shear in the soil occurs when the soil is mixed with 0,1% chitosan solution with a
decrease in the permeability value of 70,89% and increase in soil strength by
109,9% (direct shear test) and 542,11% (triaxial unconsolidated undrained test) and
there was an increase in the shear angle in the soil by 79,28% in the expansive clay
soil.
Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
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Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Andriyanto, Antonius NIM01021170005 antoniusyanuar99@yahoo.com UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Widjajakusuma, Jack NIDN0327086805 jack.widjajakusuma@uph.edu Thesis advisor Rosa, Dela NIDN0312127802 dela.rosa@uph.edu |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | biopolimer, kitosan, perbaikan tanah ekspansif |
Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Civil Engineering Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Civil Engineering |
Depositing User: | Users 7054 not found. |
Date Deposited: | 13 Sep 2021 03:12 |
Last Modified: | 23 Feb 2022 02:18 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/42383 |