Perbaikan tanah lempung ekspansif dengan larutan kitosan = Improvement of expansive clay soil with chitosan solutions

Andriyanto, Antonius (2021) Perbaikan tanah lempung ekspansif dengan larutan kitosan = Improvement of expansive clay soil with chitosan solutions. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Tanah lempung ekspansif memiliki sifat kembang susut akibat perubahan kadar air pada tanah. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan pada konstruksi yang berada di atasnya. Hal ini disebabkan pada tanah ekspansif memiliki mineral lempung montmorillonite yang memiliki gaya Van Der Waals yang lemah pada ujung lembaran silika sehingga air dan ion-ion yang berpindah dapat masuk dan memisahkan lapisannya. Selain itu tanah ekspansif memiliki daya dukung yang rendah. Oleh karena itu untuk mitigasi hal tersebut maka dapat dilakukan stabilisasi tanah kimiawi dengan menggunakan bahan biopolimer. Bahan biopolimer yang digunakan adalah larutan kitosan. Bahan baku kitosan adalah limbah cangkang udang. Kitosan merupakan bahan yang ramah lingkungan dikarenakan kitosan merupakan sumber daya alam terbarukan. Kitosan merupakan bahan biopolimer yang memiliki karakteristik kation ketika dalam larutan asam sehingga ketika dicampurkan ke dalam tanah akan berinteraksi dengan mineral lempung yang tersebar pada tanah di mana bermuatan negatif sehingga akan membentuk seperti gel untuk memperkuat tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan tanah lempung anorganik dengan berat spesifik senilai 2,77, berat isi senilai 1,42 gr/cm3 , kadar air senilai 18,63%, angka pori senilai 0,962, porositas senilai 0,49 dan derajat kejenuhan senilai 54,29%. Untuk nilai pH tanah asli senilai 6,7, pH tanah yang dicampurkan larutan kitosan 0,1% senilai 5,6 dan nilai pH tanah yang dicampurkan dengan larutan kitosan 0,3% senilai 5,1. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan maka pada masa pemeliharaan hari ke-30, dapat dilihat bahwa penurunan derajat ekspansivitas tertinggi ketika tanah dicampurkan dengan larutan kitosan 0,3% dengan nilai free swell index sebesar 30%. Untuk penurunan nilai permebilitas tanah dan meningkatnya kuat geser tanah serta sudut geser dalam tanah terjadi ketika tanah dicampurkan dengan larutan kitosan 0,1% dengan penurunan nilai permeabilitas sebesar 70,89% dan peningkatan kuat geser tanah sebesar 109,9% (pengujian direct shear) dan 542,11% (pengujian triaxial unconsolidated undrained) serta terjadi peningkatan sudut geser dalam tanah sebesar 79,28% pada tanah lempung ekspansif. / Expansive soil has the property of swelling and shrinking due to changes in water content in the soil. This can cause damage to the construction above it. This is due to the expansive soil having the mineral montmorillonite which has a weak Van Der Waals force at the end of the silica sheet so that water and moving ions can enter and separate the layers. In addition, expansive soil has a low bearing capacity. Therefore, to mitigate this, chemical soil stabilization can be carried out using biopolymer materials. The biopolymer material used is a chitosan solution. The raw material for chitosan is shrimp shell waste. Chitosan is an environmentally friendly material because chitosan is a renewable natural resource. Chitosan is a biopolymer material that has cationic characteristics when it is in acidic solution so that when it is mixed into the soil, it will interact with clay minerals that are scattered on the soil where it is negatively charged so that it will form of a gel to strengthen the soil. This research uses inorganic clay with specific weight of 2,77, bulk density of 1,42 gr/cm3 , moisture content of 18,63%, void ratio of 0,962, porosity of 0,49 and degree of saturation of 54,29%. The pH value for the original soil is 6,7, the pH value for the soil mixed with 0,1% chitosan solution is 5,6 and the pH value for the soil mixed with 0,3% chitosan solution is 5,1. Based on the research, during the 30th days, it can be seen that the highest decrease in degree of expansion when soil is mixed with 0,3% chitosan solution with free swell index value of 30%. For decrease in the value of soil permeability and an increase in soil shear strength and the angle of shear in the soil occurs when the soil is mixed with 0,1% chitosan solution with a decrease in the permeability value of 70,89% and increase in soil strength by 109,9% (direct shear test) and 542,11% (triaxial unconsolidated undrained test) and there was an increase in the shear angle in the soil by 79,28% in the expansive clay soil.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Andriyanto, AntoniusNIM01021170005antoniusyanuar99@yahoo.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorWidjajakusuma, JackNIDN0327086805jack.widjajakusuma@uph.edu
Thesis advisorRosa, DelaNIDN0312127802dela.rosa@uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: biopolimer, kitosan, perbaikan tanah ekspansif
Subjects: T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Civil Engineering
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Civil Engineering
Depositing User: Users 7054 not found.
Date Deposited: 13 Sep 2021 03:12
Last Modified: 23 Feb 2022 02:18
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/42383

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