The influence of populism to Indonesia and Myanmar relations: a case study of the 2017 Rohingya's humanitarian crisis = Pengaruh populisme terhadap hubungan indonesia dan myanmar: studi kasus krisis kemanusiaan rohingya 2017

Rompas, Jeva Epenetius Neutrony (2022) The influence of populism to Indonesia and Myanmar relations: a case study of the 2017 Rohingya's humanitarian crisis = Pengaruh populisme terhadap hubungan indonesia dan myanmar: studi kasus krisis kemanusiaan rohingya 2017. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

The issue of Rohingya as a persecuted ethnic group has existed since a long time ago. The most recent conflict happened in 2017 when Myanmar military launched a clearing operation that brought significant impact to the whole Rohingya population. Due to its atrocity, the 2017 Rohingya’s humanitarian crisis was categorized as genocide which trigger reactions from international organizations, worldwide countries, regional organization, and regional countries. This research focuses on the responses of Indonesia’s government to fulfill the people’s demand that derived from civil society protests. The research utilizes qualitative approach, descriptive method, and narrative analysis technique to explain the context of case study. Furthermore, the theory used in this research is foreign policy analysis with the concepts of populism, humanitarian diplomacy, and bilateral relations. Thus, the result shows that the tragedy attracts Indonesian people to conduct demonstrations. The protest was in-line with the idea of political identity, which reflects the domestic situation inside Indonesia in 2017. To respond to the tragedy, the government of Indonesia exercises the idea of populism in implementing its foreign policy through bilateral relations with Myanmar. The population-based foreign policy was taken to satisfy the people as the majority of the population. / Isu Rohingya sebagai kelompok etnis yang teraniaya sudah ada sejak lama. Konflik yang terbaru terjadi pada tahun 2017 ketika militer Myanmar melancarkan operasi pembersihan etnis yang membawa dampak signifikan bagi penduduk Rohingya secara keseluruhan. Melihat kekejaman yang terjadi, krisis kemanusiaan Rohingya tahun 2017 dikategorikan sebagai genosida yang kemudian memicu reaksi dari organisasi internasional, negara-negara dunia, organisasi regional, dan negara-negara regional. Penelitian ini berfokus pada respon pemerintah Indonesia untuk memenuhi tuntutan warga negara yang bersumber dari protes masyarakat sipil. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, metode deskriptif, dan teknik naratif untuk menjelaskan konteks dari studi kasus. Oleh karena itu, teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kebijakan luar negeri beserta beberapa konsep yaitu populisme, diplomasi kemanusiaan, dan hubungan bilateral. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tragedi tersebut mendorong masyarakat Indonesia untuk melakukan demonstrasi. Demo yang dilaksanakan selaras dengan konsep politik identias yang mencerminkan situasi domestik di Indonesia pada tahun 2017. Untuk merespon tragedi tersebut, pemerintah Indonesia menjalankan gagasan populisme dalam pelaksanaan politik luar negerinya melalui hubungan bilateral dengan Myanmar. Kebijakan luar negeri yang bergantung pada populasi dilaksanakan untuk memuaskan mayoritas populasi masyarakat.

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