Kedudukan hukum badan usaha milik negara (persero) yang dipailitkan

Nisa, Khairun (2021) Kedudukan hukum badan usaha milik negara (persero) yang dipailitkan. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Suatu BUMN dapat dimohonkan pailit dalam Pasal 2 ayat (5) Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (UU Kepailtan dan PKPU) menyatakan hal Debitur adalah BUMN yang bergerak di bidang publik, permohonan pailit hanya dapat diajukan oleh Menteri Keuangan RI. Namun perlu digaris bawahi bahwa ketentuan ini hanya berlaku bagi perusahaan BUMN yang bergerak di bidang publik. Sedangkan BUMN yang berbentuk Persero siapa saja bisa mengajukan permohonan pailit. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu: Pertama, bagaimana sistem hukum di Indonesia yang mengatur kepailitan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (Persero). Kedua, bagaimana tanggung jawab pemerintah terhadap Badan Usaha Milik Negara (Persero) yang mengalami kepailitan. Kerangka teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Teori Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman dan Teori Pertanggungjawaban. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif. Peneliti menggunakan alat pengumpulan data berupa Studi Kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: bahwa suatu sistem hukum di Indonesia yang mengatur kepailitan BUMN (Persero) mencakup tiga komponen, pertama stuktur hukum yang menyangkut aparat penegak hukum yaitu hakim pengadilan niaga yang mengambil keputusan dalam hal kepailitan BUMN serta pihak atau aparat yang berkaitan dengan kepailitan BUMN. Kedua substansi hukum dimana kepailitan BUMN diatur Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban dan Pembayara Utang serta terdapat juga peraturan-peraturan lainnya yang berkaitan. Ketiga, budaya hukum, hukum terkait dengan kepailitan BUMN Persero yakni dimana dalam melaksanakan tugasnya, direksi serta anggota Direksi harus mematuhi anggaran dasar BUMN dan peraturan perundang-undangan serta wajib melaksanakan prinsip-prinsip Good Corporate Governance (GCG). Tanggung jawab pemerintah terhadap BUMN yang mengalami kepailitan yakni bahwa Negara sebagai pemegang saham yang diposisikan sebagai badan hukum perdata, semestinya hanya bertanggung jawab sebatas pada jumlah saham yang disertakan dalam bentuk saham pada BUMN Persero, serta diharapkan pemerintah melakukan pengawasan terhadap tindakan BUMN sehingga tidak menimbulkan kerugian negara dalam hal ini kepailitan. Kata Kunci: BUMN, Kepailitan dan PKPU. / A BUMN can be filed for bankruptcy in Article 2 paragraph (5) of Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (Bankruptcy Law and PKPU) stating that the debtor is a BUMN that is engaged in the public sector, the bankruptcy petition can only be submitted by the Minister RI Finance. However, it should be underlined that this provision only applies to state-owned companies operating in the public sector. Meanwhile, BUMN in the form of a Persero can apply for bankruptcy. The formulation of the problem in this research are: First, how is the legal system in Indonesia which regulates the bankruptcy of State-Owned Enterprises (Persero). Second, how is the government's responsibility towards State-Owned Enterprises (Persero) that experienced bankruptcy. The theoretical framework used in this research is Lawrence M. Friedman's Legal System Theory and Responsibility Theory. The research methodology used in this research is normative juridical law research. Researchers used a data collection tool in the form of a literature study. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded as follows: that a legal system in Indonesia that regulates the bankruptcy of BUMN (Persero) includes three components, the first is the legal structure concerning law enforcement officers, namely the judges of the commercial court who make decisions in the case of bankruptcy of BUMN and the parties or officials relating to the bankruptcy of SOEs. The second legal substance in which the bankruptcy of SOEs is regulated by Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Obligations and Debt Payments and there are also other related regulations. Third, the legal culture, laws related to the bankruptcy of BUMN Persero, namely where in carrying out their duties, the directors and members of the Board of Directors must comply with the articles of association of the BUMN and the laws and regulations and must implement the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG). The government's responsibility towards SOEs that experience bankruptcy is that the State as a shareholder positioned as a civil legal entity, should only be responsible for the number of shares included in the form of shares in BUMN Persero, and it is hoped that the government will supervise the actions of SOEs so as not to cause losses. state in this case bankruptcy. Keywords: BUMN, Bankruptcy and PKPU.

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