Upaya Tiongkok untuk menjadi kekuatan ekonomi dunia melalui Belt Road Initiative (2013-2020) = China’s Effort in Becoming the World’s Economic Powerhouse through Belt Road Initiative (2013-2020)

Soh, Leonardo (2022) Upaya Tiongkok untuk menjadi kekuatan ekonomi dunia melalui Belt Road Initiative (2013-2020) = China’s Effort in Becoming the World’s Economic Powerhouse through Belt Road Initiative (2013-2020). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Dalam beberapa abad ini, Tiongkok sedang mengalami peningkatan ekonomi yang sangat pesat dan konsisten dengan menjadi negara ekspor terbesar serta impor kedua terbesar di dunia. Kebijakan luar negeri Tiongkok pada era presiden Xi Jinping membuat Tiongkok menjadi pro aktif untuk mencapai visi misi mereka melalui Belt Road Initiative sebagai grand strategy Tiongkok untuk membangun ulang Jalur Sutra dimana hal tersebut dapat membuat mereka menjadi kekuatan ekonomi dunia. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi kepentingan Tiongkok di balik Belt Road Initiative dengan apakah BRI dapat membuat Tiongkok menjadi negara yang hegemon dalam pelaksanan proyek BRI dalam tahun 2013-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori seperti neorealisme untuk menjelaskan sikap Tiongkok melalui BRI serta menggunakan metode deskriptif dan menyampaikan data melalui studi kepustakaan, media, serta data – data statistik dari pemerintah. Analisis disajikan melalui subjudul pembahasan penelitian yang merupakan jawaban dari ketiga rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini. Pengamatan yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa Belt Road Initiative merupakan instrumen yang sangat penting bagi Tiongkok mengingat bahwa Tiongkok bahkna berupaya untuk memastikan bahwa proyek – proyek BRI akan berjalan dengan lancar. Melalui proyek – proyek BRI, Tiongkok mengalami peningkatan dalam hubungan bilateral dengan negara – negara bilateral./ In centuries, China has been experiencing a rapid and consistent economic growth, hence becoming the world’s largest exporting and second largest importing country. China’s foreign policy had also undergone several stages of changes until the era of President Xi Jinping where China became more pro-active to achieve their vision and mission. This is illustrated by China introduced the Belt Road Initiative as their grand strategy to rebuild the Silk Road where it can make them the world’s economic powerhouse. This research was intended to identify China’s interests behind the Belt Road Initiative with whether if BRI can make China a hegemonic country or not through BRI construction projects between the year of 2013-2020. This research is using theories such as neorealism to describe the behaviour of China with BRI also descriptive method and conveying data from online library, the media, as well as statistical data from the government. The analysis is presented through several categories in the research discussion sub-title which is the answer to the three problems in this paper. The observations made show that the Belt Road Initiative is a very important instrument for China given that China is trying to ensure that BRI projects are running smoothly. Through BRI projects, China has also improved their bilateral relations with BRI countries.

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