Penanganan Aksi Terorisme Transnasional Di Marawi Oleh Pemerintah Filipina Tahun 2017 = The Handling of Acts of Transnational Terrorism in Marawi by the Philippine Government In 2017

Sangkay, Victoria (2022) Penanganan Aksi Terorisme Transnasional Di Marawi Oleh Pemerintah Filipina Tahun 2017 = The Handling of Acts of Transnational Terrorism in Marawi by the Philippine Government In 2017. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Islamic State muncul sebagai salah satu ancaman paling mematikan bagi keamanan dan perdamaian dunia, dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya jumlah serangan terorisme yang dilakukan oleh IS di seluruh dunia, diikuti dengan banyaknya korban jiwa yang disebabkan oleh serangan-serangan tersebut. Hingga pada tahun 2016, kondisi ISIS mulai melemah dan mulai kehilangan daerah kekuasaannya di Timur Tengah sehingga mendesak ISIS untuk memperkuat kekuatannya di Asia Tenggara dengan membentuk wilayat di Filipina. Dengan dukungan dari kelompok teroris domestik, ISIS pun mulai berkembang di Filipina Selatan. Kehadiran ISIS di Filipina telah dinyatakan sebagai ancaman bagi keamanan nasional. Pemerintah Filipina di bawah pemerintahan Presiden Rodrigo Duterte merumuskan strategi keamanan nasional untuk memberantas ancaman terorisme global di negara tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja faktor yang mendorong terjadinya aksi terorisme di Marawi serta mengetahui strategi pemberantasan terorisme global Filipina. Perspektif yang digunakan ialah realis dengan konsep keamanan nasional. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah metodologi penelitian kualitatif yang memberikan penjelasan detail serta analisis yang menyeluruh. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan adanya faktor beberapa faktor mengapa para kelompok militan melakukan aksinya di Marawi yaitu karena alasan strategis dan tingginya tingkat kemiskinan serta tingkat kriminal di daerah tersebut. Selain itu juga strategi pemberantasan terorisme global di Filipina yaitu keutamaan penggunaan kekuatan militer, didukung dengan penguatan hukum mengenai terorisme, aliansi keamanan, dan kerjasama regional. / The Islamic State is emerging as one of the deadliest threats to world peace and security, as evidenced by the number of attacks carried out by IS around the world, followed by the large number of deaths caused by these attacks. In 2016, the condition of ISIS began to weaken and began to lose its territory in the Middle East, thus urging ISIS to strengthen its strength in Southeast Asia with wilayat in the Philippines. With the support of the domestic terrorist group ISIS began to develop in the Southern Philippines. ISIS presence in the Philippines is declared a threat to national security. The Philippine government under President Rodrigo Duterte formulated a national security strategy to combat global threats in the country. This study aims to find out what are the factors that encourage acts of terrorism in Marawi and to know the Philippines' global bomb eradication strategy. The perspective used is realist with the concept of national security. The methodology used is a qualitative research methodology which provides detailed explanations and thorough analysis. The results of this study found that there were several factors why militant groups carried out their actions in Marawi, namely for strategic reasons and the level of poverty and crime rates in the area. In addition, the global crime eradication strategy in the Philippines is to prioritize the use of force, supported by strengthening the law on military crimes, security alliances, and regional cooperation.

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