Indonesia - Malaysia diplomacy in countering human trafficking in 2004-2011 = diplomasi Indonesia – Malaysia dalam melawan perdagangan manusia pada 2004-2011

Olivia, Sonia (2018) Indonesia - Malaysia diplomacy in countering human trafficking in 2004-2011 = diplomasi Indonesia – Malaysia dalam melawan perdagangan manusia pada 2004-2011. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Human Trafficking and Migration are two things that can not be separated. It can not be denied that human trafficking takes place in Indonesian migrants workers who migrate to Malaysia in the informal sector. Many factors lead to why Indonesian labor is vulnerable to trafficking. Indonesia and Malaysia bilateral relations have been established for a long time and in many sectors including the sending of Indonesian workers to Malaysia. Delivery of migrant workers to Malaysia is making the country's foreign exchange increased and help reducing the number of unemployed in Indonesia is quite high, but this relationship is not equal by the protection law given to the TKI. In 2006 the MoU of Indonesian Migrant Workers in informal sector was established but it is still very less even there are many parties who claim that there is a violation of human rights in it. Indonesia stopped sending migrant workers in 2009 because the number of violations that occurred against the workers. During 2 years of freezing, the level of human trafficking from Indonesia is greatly increased. This research uses qualitative approach, and using descriptive analysis method. The concepts used to make it easier to understand this research are the theory of human trafficking, human rights, diplomacy, and migration. The results of this study explain why migration of Indonesian labor is vulnerable to human trafficking and how Indonesia - malaysia diplomacy counter human trafficking to Indonesian workers. although there is no specific regulation between Indonesia and Malaysia in dealing with human trafficking, both sides have renewed the MoU of TKI to Malaysia which indirectly minimize human trafficking and prevent migrant workers from trafficking./ Perdagangan Manusia dan Migrasi adalah dua hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. tidak dapat dipungkiri perdagangan manusia terjadi di Tenaga Kerja Indonesia yang bermigrasi ke Malaysia sebagai pekerja di sektor informal. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan mengapa tenaga kerja Indonesia rentan terhadap perdagangan manusia. Hubungan bilateral Indonesia dan Malaysia telah terjalin sejak lama dan dalam banyak sektor termasuk pengiriman tenaga kerja Indonesia ke malaysia. Pengiriman TKI ke malaysia ini membuat devisa negara meningkat dan membantu mengurangi jumlah pengangguran di Indonesia yang cukup tinggi. tetapi hubungan ini tidak diimbangi dengan hukum perlindungan yang diberikan kepada TKI. Pada tahun 2006 MoU TKI dalam sektor informal baru di sahkan namun masih sangat kurang bahkan banyak pihak yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat pelanggaran hak sebagai manusia didalamnya. Indonesia memberhentikan pengiriman TKI pada 2009 melihat banyaknya kekerasan dan pelanggaran yang terjadi terhadap para TKI. Selama 2 tahun pembekuan, tingkat perdaganagan manusia sangat meningkat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Konsep yang digunakan untuk mempermudah dalam memahami penelitian ini adalah teori perdagangan manusia, hak asasi manusia, diplomasi, dan migrasi. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan mengapa migrasi tenaga kerja Indonesia rentan terhadap perdagangan manusia dan bagaimana diplomasi Indonesia - malaysia dalam mencegah perdagangan manusia kepada tenaga kerja indonesia. walaupun belum ada peraturan khusus antara indonesia dan malaysia dalam mengatasi perdagangan manusia, kedua pihak telah memperbarui MoU TKI ke Malaysia yang dimana secara tidak langsung memperkecil perdagangan manusia dan mencegah TKI dari perdagangan manusia.

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