Analisis hukum tentang perjanjian jual putus dalam undang-undang hak cipta nomor 28 tahun 2014 = Legal Analysis of Short Selling Agreements in Indonesia's Copyright Law Number 28 of 2014

Prasetya, Khoe, Sean Hanjaya (2022) Analisis hukum tentang perjanjian jual putus dalam undang-undang hak cipta nomor 28 tahun 2014 = Legal Analysis of Short Selling Agreements in Indonesia's Copyright Law Number 28 of 2014. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Hak cipta merupakan benda yang tidak berwujud, karena memiliki sifat kebendaan, maka hak cipta memiliki hak ekonomi yang dapat dialihkan. Salah satu contoh pengalihan yang terjadi di dalam rezim hak cipta adalah antara musisi sebagai pencipta lagu atau musik yang menjual karyanya kepada produser rekaman. Latar belakang sistem industri musik di Indonesia beberapa dekade lalu, menempatkan posisi pencipta dalam posisi tawar yang sangat lemah, sementara pembeli seperti Perusahaan Rekaman dalam posisi yang sangat kuat dengan kekuatan modalnya. Dengan kondisi seperti ini maka dapat dikatakan banyak perjanjian atas karya cipta lagu yang dibuat tidak mencerminkan asas keadilan serta keseimbangan hak dan kewajiban Para Pihak. Sehingga hal tersebut menjadi dasar pemberlakukan ketentuan Pasal 18, 30, dan 122 UUHC, terkait perjanjian jual putus hak cipta yang dibatasi oleh waktu, dimana ciptaan yang sudah dialihkan melalui perjanjian jual putus atau perjanjian tanpa batas waktu, harus kembali lagi kepada pencipta setelah perjanjian melewati batas waktu 25 tahun. Penelitian ini akan membahas terkait ketentuan Pasal 18, 30, dan 122 UUHC ditinjau dari aspek hak cipta, hak kebendaan, dan hak milik, dimana akan diuji apakah ada pertentangan dengan Pasal 28 H ayat 4 UUD NRI 1945 terkait perlindungan hak milik. Kemudian rumusan masalah selanjutnya akan menguraikan terkait pemberlakuan surut ketentuan Pasal 122 UUHC yang tidak sesuai dengan asas kepastian hukum. Kemudian, penelitian ini juga akan melihat apakah ada ketidaksesuaian dengan asas pembentukan undang-undang. Metode penelitian yang dipakai menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Kata kunci: hak cipta, hak milik, hak kebendaan, jual putus, berlaku surut. / Copyright is an intangible object, because it has material properties, then copyright has economic rights that can be transferred. One example of the switching that occurs in a copyright regime is between musicians as songwriters or music selling their work to record producers. The background of the music industry system in Indonesia several decades ago, puts the position of creators in a very weak bargaining position, while buyers such as record companies are in a very strong position with the strength of their capital. With conditions like this, it can be said that many agreements on songwriting works do not reflect the principles of justice and the balance of rights and obligations of the Parties. So that this becomes the basis for the enforcement of the provisions of Articles 18, 30, and 122 of the UUHC, related to a time-limited copyright sale agreement, where a work that has been transferred through a drop-off agreement or an indefinite agreement, must return to the creator after the agreement has passed. 25 year deadline. This study will discuss the provisions of Articles 18, 30, and 122 of the UUHC in terms of copyright, material rights, and property rights, which will examine whether there is a conflict with Article 28 H paragraph 4 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia regarding the protection of property rights. Then the next problem formulation will describe the retroactive application of the provisions of Article 122 UUHC which are not in accordance with the principle of legal certainty. Then, this research will also see if there is a discrepancy with the principles of law formation. The research method used is a normative juridical approach. Keywords: Copyright, property rights, material rights, flat pay, retroactive.

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