PERANCANGAN UNIT HUNIAN DAN LINGKUNGAN VERTICAL HOUSING YANG MENDUKUNG AKTIVITAS BERMAIN ANAK MELALUI PROPERTI SPASIAL AFFORDANCE = DESIGNING RESIDENTIAL UNITS AND VERTICAL HOUSING ENVIRONMENT TO SUPPORT CHILDREN ACTIVITIES THROUGH AFFORDANCE’S SPATIAL PROPERTIES

Salem, Felicia Christabel (2022) PERANCANGAN UNIT HUNIAN DAN LINGKUNGAN VERTICAL HOUSING YANG MENDUKUNG AKTIVITAS BERMAIN ANAK MELALUI PROPERTI SPASIAL AFFORDANCE = DESIGNING RESIDENTIAL UNITS AND VERTICAL HOUSING ENVIRONMENT TO SUPPORT CHILDREN ACTIVITIES THROUGH AFFORDANCE’S SPATIAL PROPERTIES. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Aktivitas bermain bagi anak sangat penting tetapi jarang terpenuhi terutama anak yang tinggal pada public housing karena adanya isu jarak, safety, dan ketersediaan ruang bermain yang kurang. Ketiga isu tersebut dapat dijawab dengan affordance yang mempengaruhi persepsi anak terhadap suatu benda secara detail melalui properti ruang (spatial properties). Oleh karena itu, riset ini ingin menginsvestigasi apa kualitas properti spasial affordance dari ruang bermain yang dapat mendukung perwujudan berbagai aktivitas bermain. Bagaimana kualitas properti spasial affordance pada studi preseden dan bagaimana strategi desain properti spasial affordance yang mendukung perwujudan berbagai aktivitas bermain pada unit hunian (indoor) dan lingkungan (outdoor)? Melalui kajian literatur ditemukan bahwa kualitas properti spasial affordance dipengaruhi oleh dua lingkup yaitu lingkup lingkungan dan lingkup objek. Setiap properti spasial affordance ini dapat mempengaruhi empat tipe aktivitas bermain oleh Piaget, yaitu permainan fungsional, permainan konstruktif, permainan simbolik, dan permainan dengan aturan. Dengan jumlah properti spasial affordance lingkup lingkungan sebanyak 5 dan properti spasial affordance lingkup objek sebanyak 18 buah. Melalui analisis 5 studi preseden ditemukan bahwa kualitas properti spasial affordance pada lingkungan outdoor harus memiliki properti spasial objek dengan permukaan miring, permukaan vertikal, ketinggian rendah, permukaan yang dipjiak, permukaan halus dan ruang naungan. Sedangkan kualitas properti spasial affordance pada unit hunian harus memiliki open plan dengan perancangan tema bermain dan belajar pada elemen dinding, elemen lantai dan elemen sudut. Oleh karena itu perancangan apartemen kecil dengan lokasi tapak Gading Serpong, memperhatikan unit yang memiliki open plan dengan sudut yang terletak diantara dinding bertema dan dinding dengan view. Dengan susunan blok yang memperhatikan kantong ruang untuk perletakkan ruang bermain yang memiliki pengawasan, jarak, dan keamanan yang baik. / Playing is an important activity to childrens but rarely fulfiled especially kids on public housing caused by distance, safety and play space availability issue. The three issues will be answered with affordance that affects children’s perception on an objek through affordance’s spatial properties.. This research is going to investigate about the quality of affordance spatial properties of play spaces that supports in actualizing play types, how affordance spatial qualities that could support aztualizing play types on precedent study, and what affordance spatial properties’ design strategy that are able to support actualization play types in an indoor and outdoor play spaces. Through literature study, there are two types of affordance spatial properties found which are environment type and object type. Every affordance spatial properties can influence on actualizing four types of playing by Piaget, in which are functional play, constructive play, symbolic play, and ruled play. With the amount of affordance’s spatial properties with 5 environment type and 18 object type. Through the analysis of 5 precedent study, there are found spatial affordance quality on outdoor environment play space that must have slope surface, object with vertical surface, object with low height, object with stepped surface, object with soft suface and small space. While the indoor play spaces that must have an open play system with the desining of themes on spactial elements such as floor, walls, and corners. Therefore the desining of an apartment at Gading Serpong will pay attention to open plan system with the corner that are placed between themed wall and viewing wall. With the arrangement of blocks are paying attention to leftoever spaces to be designed as play spaces with good distance, supervision and safety.

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