Perancangan fourth place sebagai ruang interaksi pasif untuk mengatasi fenomena kesepian = Designing fourth place as a passive interaction space to overcome the phenomenon of loneliness

Tanaka, Wilbert (2022) Perancangan fourth place sebagai ruang interaksi pasif untuk mengatasi fenomena kesepian = Designing fourth place as a passive interaction space to overcome the phenomenon of loneliness. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Isu masalah mental seperti kesepian umumnya kurang diperhatikan sebagai masalah yang serius, khususnya pada negara-negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Namun berdasarkan fenomena nyata yang terjadi di Indonesia, masyarakat Indonesia masih banyak yang mengalami kesepian di rumah ataupun di tempat kerja. Kesepian juga melahirkan perilaku self-isolation sebagai mekanisme pertahanan mental. Mekanisme ini memiliki sifat yang menolak segala sesuatu yang secara aktif berinteraksi dengan mereka sebagai bentuk perlindungan diri dari ancaman potensi ancaman. Bagi pengguna ruang dengan isu ini, dibutuhkan suatu kondisi yang memungkinkan terjadinya interaksi sosial dengan cara yang lebih pasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi fourth place sebagai suatu ruang sosial informal dimana interaksi dapat terjadi secara pasif atau tidak disengaja, dan bagaimana perancangan dapat diarahkan untuk menciptakan kondisi tersebut. Isu ini diteliti dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui studi literatur dan observasi. Subjek observasi ini berupa preseden dan kasus pada beberapa lingkungan sosial yang berbeda. Berdasarkan studi yang dilakukan, ditemukan kriteria spasial yang perlu dipenuhi terlebih dahulu untuk memungkinkan terjadinya interaksi pasif pada sebuah fourth place. Kriteria ini kemudian diterapkan pada perancangan ruang publik untuk sebuah kawasan komersial yang dikenal sebagai pusat perdagangan onderdil dan juga kuliner di kota Medan. / Mental issues such as loneliness are generally not considered as a serious problem, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. However, based on a real phenomenon occurring in Indonesia, many Indonesians still experience loneliness at home or at work. Loneliness also breeds self-isolation as a mental defense mechanism. This mechanism has the property of rejecting everything that actively interacts with them as a form of self-protection from potential threats. People in a social space with such issue, needed a condition that allows for social interaction to occur in a more passive manner. This study aims to answer the potential of fourth place as an informal social space where interactions could occur passively or unintentionally, and how the design can be directed to create these conditions. This issue was investigated using qualitative methods through literature study and observation. The subject of this observation is in the form of precedents and cases in several different social environments. Based on the study conducted, it was found that spatial criteria need to be met first to allow passive interaction to occur in a fourth place. These criteria were then applied to the design of a public space for a commercial area known as the center for the auto parts and culinary in the city of Medan.

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