Perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen pengguna pelayanan estetik medis di Indonesia

Suseno, Clarissa Putri (2022) Perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen pengguna pelayanan estetik medis di Indonesia. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

terhadap estetik medis mengakibatkan kurangnya kewaspadaan masyarakat terhadap keamanan pelayanan estetik medis yang ada. Secara umum, tindakan ini tergolong pada tindakan medis yang beresiko, sehingga pengerjaannya harus dilakukan di klinik kecantikan yang memiliki izin atau di rumah sakit dengan fasilitas yang memadai di bawah supervisi dari dokter spesialis yang ahli di bidangnya. Kenyataannya, tindakan estetik medis ini ditemukan juga di salon-salon kecantikan yang tidak dilakukan oleh tenaga medis yang tentunya dapat menimbulkan risiko yang berbahaya bagi penggunanya yang dikategorikan sebagai konsumen dan bukan pasien karena tindakan ini tidak tergolong dalam praktik kedokteran. Maraknya malpraktik illegal menyebabkan perlunya perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen. Melalui penelitian yuridis normatif, peneliti mengkaji berbagai norma pengaturan penyelenggaraan estetik medis menurut peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia yang telah diatur melalui Undangundang Nomor 29 tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran, Undang-undang No. 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan, Undang-undang No.36 tahun 2014 tentang Tenaga Kesehatan, Permenkes Nomor 1438 Tahun 2020 Tentang Standar Pelayanan kedokteran, dan Permenkes No. 290 tahun 2008 tentang Persetujuan Tindakan Kedokteran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa norma pengaturan yang ada telah memadai tetapi pada penerapannya, beberapa Undang-undang tidak digunakan dalam usaha untuk menertibkan praktik estetik medis illegal. Masalah lainnya terkait dengan pengaturan batas kompetensi antar dokter yang masih belum tegas. Sehingga disarankan agar aparat penegak hukum, Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM), Kementrian Kesehatan, Dinas Kesehatan bekerja sama dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap praktik estetik medis guna mencegah terjadinya praktik illegal yang merugikan konsumen, termasuk perlunya pembatasan kewenangan medis yang jelas terhadap dokter yang melaksanakan praktik estetik medis. / Aesthetic medicine practice is a highly sought after subject,. Due to the high enthusiasm towards aesthetic medicine, lack of vigilance towards the safety of aesthetic practice occurred. Generally, these procedures are considered as medical procedures therefore they should be done at legal aesthetic clinic or at hospital with sufficient facilities and under the supervision of competent doctors. Factually, there were individuals who were not competent medical professionals who were doing aesthetic medicine procedures at beauty salons that possess dangerous risks for the consumers. Therefore, the users of the service couldn’t be called as patients but as consumers. These illegal practices were the cause why legal protection for consumers is needed. Through normative jurisdiction research, author studied about few regulations regarding aesthetic medicine practice in Indonesia, they are Law No.29 year 2004 concerning Medical Practice, Law No. 36 year 2014 concerning Medical Practitioners, Health Minister’s Regulation No. 1438 Year 2020 concerning Health Service Standard, dan Health Minister’s Regulation No. 290 Year 2008 concerning Medical Informed Consent. Based on the result of the research, the author concludes that the regulation is sufficient enough but lacking in the implementation. Few of the associated Law isn’t properly applied in the effort of regulating the illegal aesthetic medicine practice. Another issue is concerning about the ambiguous regulations of the competency in aesthetic medicine amongst the doctors. The author suggested that Law Enforcers, National Agency of Drugs and Food Control (BPOM), Healthy Ministry, Public Health Office should collaborate in the observation towards aesthetic medicine practice thus harmful illegal aesthetic medicine practices could be prevented and also to create definite boundaries in medical competency amongst doctors who practice aesthetic medicine.

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