Komitmen Indonesia dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim melalui Protokol Kyoto

Endro, Gabriella (2022) Komitmen Indonesia dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim melalui Protokol Kyoto. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi yang begitu cepat sejak era Revolusi Industri abad 18 tanpa disadari menimbulkan dampak yang besar terhadap lingkungan hidup. Selain memberi dampak positif pada kondisi ekonomi, sosial dan budaya pada negara-negara di dunia, perubahan besar yang terjadi pada bidang teknologi, manufaktur, pertambangan, transportasi dan pertanian juga memiliki dampak buruk sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan isu lingkungan hidup yang dapat mengganggu aktivitas manusia. Salah satunya yakni masalah perubahan iklim. Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara berkembang yang sadar akan bahaya dampak global perubahan iklim meratifikasi perjanjian Protokol Kyoto dibawah UNFCCC. Melalui Protokol Kyoto, dalam upaya memenuhi target penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca, Indonesia melaksanakan salah satu dari ketiga mekanisme yang dinegosiasikan dalam protokol yakni Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Selain itu, pemerintah membentuk undang-undang yang ditujukan untuk mengatur pengelolaan dan pelindungan lingkungan hidup. Peneliti menggunakan teori neoliberalisme, serta kerjasama internasional dan perjanjian internasional sebagai konsep dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif-kualitiatif, dengan menggunakan data yang dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan penelusuran daring. Melalui penelitian ini dapat dilihat keseriusan dan komitmen yang diupayakan oleh pemerintah Indonesia melalui kebijakan-kebijakan domestik serta membangun hubungan diplomatik melalui kerjasama dengan negara Jepang untuk menurunkan tingkat emisi GRK. Selain itu penelitian ini juga memaparkan hal-hal yang menjadi tantangan dalam implementasi Protokol Kyoto. / The rapid development of technology since the Industrial Revolution era in the 18th century without realizing it has had a major impact on the environment. In addition to having a positive impact on economic, social and cultural conditions in countries in the world, major changes that occur in the fields of technology, manufacturing, mining, transportation and agriculture also have a negative impact that has the potential to cause environmental issues that can disrupt human activities. One of them is the problem of climate change. Indonesia as a developing country that is aware of the dangers of the global impact of climate change has ratified the Kyoto Protocol agreement under the UNFCCC. Through the Kyoto Protocol, in an effort to meet the target for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, Indonesia is implementing one of the three mechanisms negotiated in the protocol, namely the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). In addition, the government forms laws aimed at regulating the management and protection of the environment. Researchers use the theory of neoliberalism, international cooperation and international agreements as concepts in this research. The research was conducted using a descriptive-qualitative method, using data collected through library research and online searches. Through this research, it can be seen the seriousness and commitment made by the Indonesian government through domestic policies and building diplomatic relations through cooperation with Japan to reduce GHG emission levels. In addition, this research also describes the challenges that often become obstacles for the Indonesian government.

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