Pola kepekaan bakteri terhadap antibiotik pada pasien infeksi saluran kemih di rumah sakit pendidikan Siloam Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2021

Treviso, Vioren (2022) Pola kepekaan bakteri terhadap antibiotik pada pasien infeksi saluran kemih di rumah sakit pendidikan Siloam Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2021. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar belakang : Infeksi saluran kemih atau yang biasa disebut dengan ISK adalah infeksi bakteri pada saluran kemih yang terdiri dari ginjal, ureter, kandung kemih dan uretra. ISK yang disebabkan oleh bakteri sangat sering terjadi, dimana terdapat 150 juta orang di seluruh dunia yang terinfeksi setiap tahunnya. Pengobatan yang digunakan untuk ISK adalah antibiotik. Tetapi terapi antibiotik sekarang menjadi lebih menantang, karena tingkat resistensi untuk antibiotik meningkat karena adanya pengobatan empiris yang tidak adekuat. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang pola kepekaan bakteri terhadap antibiotik pada pasien infeksi saluran kemih untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan empiris. Tujuan penelitian : Untuk mengetahui pola kepekaan bakteri terhadap antibiotik pada pasien infeksi saluran kemih di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Siloam pada Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2021. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan desain retrospektif observasional terhadap 216 sampel dari database Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Siloam periode Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2021. Hasil Penelitian : Wanita lebih sering terkena ISK (70,9%) dibandingkan pria (29,1%). Rentang usia tersering yang menderita ISK adalah 20-60 tahun (50,7%). Distribusi sampel urin paling banyak di lokasi rawat inap 1847(41,8%), diikuti dengan rawat jalan 1624(36,6%) Bakteri gram negatif yang paling sering menyebabkan ISK adalah Escherichia coli 2008(45,2%). Bakteri gram positif yang paling sering menyebabkan ISK adalah Enterococcus spp. 426(9,6%). Escherichia coli sensitif terhadap antibiotik imipenem dan tigecycline 99%, meropenem, ertapenem, dan amikacin 98%, fosfomycin 95%, dan nitrofurantoin 93%. Enterococcus spp. sensitif terhadap antibiotik nitrofurantoin 75,3%, teicoplanin 93,2%, dan linezolid 98,9%. Kata kunci : Infeksi Saluran Kemih, Pola Kepekaan Bakteri, Sensitivitas Antibiotik. / Background : Urinary tract infections, also known as UTIs are bacteria in the urinary tract, which consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. UTIs caused by bacteria are very common, with 150 million people worldwide being infected each year. The treatment used for UTIs is antibiotics. But antibiotic therapy is now becoming more challenging, as rates of antibiotic resistance are increasing due to inadequate empiric treatment. So it is necessary to do research on bacterial infections to antibiotics in urinary tract patients to improve empirical treatment. Objectives : To determine the pattern of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics in patients with urinary tract infections at the Teaching Hospital Siloam from January 2011 until December 2021. Methods : This study is a descriptive study with observational retrospective design towards the 216 samples extracted from the Teaching Hospital Siloam database during the period of January 2011 until Desember 2021. Results : Women are more often affected by UTI (70.9%) than men (29.1%). The most common age range suffering from UTI is 20-60 years (50.7%). The most distribution of urine samples was in inpatient locations 1847 (41.8%), followed by outpatient 1624 (36.6%). The most common gram negative bacteria causing UTI was Escherichia coli 2008 (45.2%). The most common gram-positive bacteria causing UTI is Enterococcus spp. 426 (9.6%). Escherichia coli was sensitive to the antibiotics imipenem and tigecycline 99%, meropenem, ertapenem, and amikacin 98%, fosfomycin 95%, and nitrofurantoin 93%. Enterococcus spp. sensitive to antibiotics nitrofurantoin 75.3%, teicoplanin 93.2%, and linezolid 98.9%. Keywords : Urinary Tract Infections, Bacterial Susceptibility Pattern, Antibiotic Sensitivity.

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