Implementasi kebijakan pembiayaan bagi UMKM oleh Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) berdasarkan tujuan pemulihan ekonomi nasional

Jessy, Jessy (2022) Implementasi kebijakan pembiayaan bagi UMKM oleh Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) berdasarkan tujuan pemulihan ekonomi nasional. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the implementation of financing policies for MSMEs by Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) based on the objectives of national economic recovery and to determine whether or not the objectives of national economic recovery have been achieved. This study uses a normative-empirical research method. This study examines primary data, namely the results of interviews with parties related to the distribution of MSME financing and then examines secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The research data collection method was carried out through books, journals and articles and interviews related to the problems being studied. The type of research approach used is a qualitative research approach with descriptive presentation. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The results of this study are the implementation of financing policies for MSMEs by the Indonesian Sharia Bank (BSI) KC Kuala Simpang during the COVID-19 pandemic in the form of margin subsidies regulated in the Minister of Finance Regulation Number 138/PMK.05/2020 concerning Procedures for Providing Interest Subsidies/ Margin Subsidy to Support the Implementation of the National Economic Recovery Program and the restructuring policy stimulus as regulated in the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 11/POJK. 03/2020 concerning National Economic Stimulus as a Countercyclical Policy for the Impact of the Spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 has been implemented in accordance with Law Number 21 of 2008 concerning Sharia Banking and Fatwa issued by DSN-MUI. However, the distribution of financing is too focused on using Murabahah (buying and selling) contracts, while financing with Mudharabah and Musyarakah (profit sharing) contracts that touch the real sector is very little so that it is not optimal in contributing to the national economy. Judging from the theory of policy implementation by Merilee S. Griendle (1980), policy implementation has not been maximized because the bank does not yet have a good strategy, people do not understand sharia contracts, and the lack of role of local government. The goal of national economic recovery has not yet been fully achieved due to suboptimal implementation. / Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan pembiayaan bagi UMKM oleh Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) berdasarkan tujuan pemulihan ekonomi nasional dan mengetahui tercapai atau tidaknya tujuan pemulihan ekonomi nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif-empiris. Penelitian ini meneliti data primer yaitu hasil wawancara dengan pihak-pihak yang terkait dengan penyaluran pembiayaan UMKM kemudian meneliti data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan melalui buku-buku, jurnal dan artikel dan wawancara terkait dengan permasalahan yang sedang diteliti. Jenis pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan ialah pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan penyajian deskriptif, Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah implementasi kebijakan pembiayaan bagi UMKM oleh Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) KC kuala Simpang di masa pandemi COVID-19 berupa subsidi margin yang diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 138/PMK.05/2020 tentang Tata Cara Pemberian Subsidi Bunga/Subsidi Margin dalam rangka Mendukung Pelaksanaan Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional dan stimulus kebijakan restrukturisasi yang diatur dalam Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 11/POJK. 03/ 2020 tentang Stimulus Perekonomian Nasional Sebagai Kebijakan Countercyclical Dampak Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019 telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah dan Fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh DSN-MUI. Namun penyaluran pembiayaan terlalu fokus menggunakan akad Murabahah (jual-beli) sedangkan pembiayaan dengan akad Mudharabah dan Musyarakah (bagi hasil) yang menyentuh sektor riil sangat sedikit sehingga kurang optimal dalam memberi kontribusi bagi perekonomian nasional. Ditinjau dari teori implementasi kebijakan oleh Merilee S. Griendle (1980), implementasi kebijakan belum maksimal dikarenakan pihak bank belum memiliki strategi yang baik, masyarakat yang belum memahami akad-akad syariah, dan kurangnya peran pemerintah daerah. Tujuan pemulihan ekonomi nasional belum mencapai keseluruhan disebabkan implementasi yang belum optimal.

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