Hubungan pola asuh dan tingkat stres orang tua dengan waktu paparan layar anak usia 2 – 5 tahun pada masa pandemi COVID-19 = Association between parenting style and parental stress levels with preschool children screen time aged 2 – 5 years during the COVID-19 pandemic

Siregar, Axel Sebastian (2022) Hubungan pola asuh dan tingkat stres orang tua dengan waktu paparan layar anak usia 2 – 5 tahun pada masa pandemi COVID-19 = Association between parenting style and parental stress levels with preschool children screen time aged 2 – 5 years during the COVID-19 pandemic. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Waktu Paparan Layar merupakan durasi mata melihat perangkat elektronik yang memiliki layar, seperti gawai, televisi, dan perangkat lainnya. Durasi paparan layar yang berlebihan sudah menjadi masalah yang umum terjadi di masa pandemi ini, termasuk pada anak usia 2-5 tahun yang fungsi kognitifnya masih dalam pertumbuhan. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya mengatakan bahwa jenis pola asuh tertentu dan tingkat stres orangtua dapat mempengaruhi durasi waktu paparan layar pada anak. Tetapi, studi yang meneliti mengenai hubungan pola asuh dan tingkat stres orangtua dengan waktu paparan layar anak umur 2-5 tahun pada masa pandemi covid-19 masih sangat sedikit dilakukan di Indonesia. Sehingga penelitian mengenai hubungan pola asuh dan tingkat stres orangtua dengan waktu paparan layar anak umur 2-5 tahun pada masa pandemi covid-19 perlu dilakukan. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan pola asuh dan tingkat stres orangtua dengan waktu paparan layar anak umur 2-5 tahun pada masa pandemi covid-19. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian dini dilakukan menggunakan studi potong lintang dengan metode analisa data menggunakan uji komparatif Chi-2, Fisher Exact dan Logistic Regression. Sampel yang diambil adalah orangtua yang memiliki anak umur 2-5 tahun. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah Parental Stress Scale (PSS) dan Parenting Style Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ). Hasil Penelitian: Didapatkan 120 responden yang memiliki anak dengan paparan layar di luar kegiatan belajar dan memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap pola asuh (p-value 0,032) dan tingkat stres orangtua (p-value 0,046), sedangkan untuk paparan layar kegiatan belajar, didapatkan sebanyak 42 responden dengan hubungan yang tidak signifikan dengan pola asuh (p-value 0,983) dan tingkat stres orangtua (p-value 0,562). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara paparan layar di luar kegiatan belajar dengan pola asuh dan tingkat stress orangtua, sedangkan didapatkan hubungan yang tidak signifikan antara paparan layar kegiatan belajar dengan pola asuh dan tingkat stres orangtua. Kata kunci: Paparan layar, pola asuh, tingkat stres orangtua, anak prasekolah, Indonesia. / Background: Screen Time Exposure is the length of time the eye sees electronic devices that have screen, such as smartphones, televisions, and other devices. Excessive screen time has become a common problem during this pandemic, including children aged 2-5 years whose cognitive function is still developing. Several previous studies have said that certain types of parenting style and parental stress can increase children duration of screen exposure. However, studies that revolves around this topic are still very few conducted in Indonesia. So that research on the association between parenting style and parental stress levels with with preschool children screen time aged 2-5 years during the covid-19 pandemic needs to be done. Objective: Knowing the relationship between parenting patterns and parental stress levels with screen time for children aged 2-5 years during the covid-19 pandemic. Methods: Early research was conducted using a cross-sectional study with data analysis methods using the Chi-2 comparative test, Fisher Exact and Logistic Regression. The sample taken is parents who have children aged 2-5 years. The questionnaires used were the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) and the Parenting Style Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ). Results: 120 respondents who had children with screen exposure outside of learning activities were obtained and has a significant relationship to parenting style (p-value 0.032) and parenting stress (p-value 0.046), while for screen exposure to learning activities was obtained as many as 42 respondents with no significant relationship to parenting style (p-value 0.983) and parenting stress (p-value 0.562). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between screen exposure outside of learning activities with parenting style and parenting stress, while there is an insignificant relationship between screen exposure in learning activities and parenting style and parenting stress. Keywords: Screen exposure, parenting, stress levels of parents, preschool children, Indonesia.

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