Perancangan sistem pengeram telur ayam otomatis berbasis mikrokontroler

Firdaus, Mohammad (2022) Perancangan sistem pengeram telur ayam otomatis berbasis mikrokontroler. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Seiring dengan pertambahan tahun bertambah juga populasi manusia, tidak terkecuali di Indonesia. Peningkatan populasi menyebabkan pertambahan permintaan pangan, seperti daging ayam. Salah satu solusi adalah dengan meningkatkan kuantitas penetasan telur ayam. Mayoritas peternak masih menggunakan inkubator konvensional. Kekurangan inkubator konvensional adalah tingkat kuantitas penetasan telur ayam yang rendah serta perlu dilakukan pemantauan secara teratur karena untuk menghasilkan kuantitas penetasan telur ayam yang tinggi dibutuhkan suhu 37-39oC dan kelembaban 50%-65%. Dengan mengacu pada permasalahan tersebut memunculkan konsep untuk membuat Inkubator otomatis atau sistem pengeram telur ayam otomatis. Inkubator ini menggunakan perangkat Arduino Uno R3 yang dapat mengontrol perangkat lain seperti sensor DHT22 untuk mengukur suhu serta kelembaban udara, heater untuk pemanas ruang inkubator, humidifier untuk meningkatkan kelembaban udara, sensor PIR untuk menyalakan lampu dan motor AC untuk membalik telur. Dengan menggunakan metode blackbox, regresi linier dan forcasting error diperoleh nilai rata-rata kesalahan pengukuran untuk pengukuran suhu sebesar 0,38% dan nilai MSE sebesar 0,04, dengan rata-rata persentase kesalahan pengukuran pada pengukuran suhu sebelum kalibrasi sebesar 0,89% dan nilai MSE sebesar 0,13. Rata-rata nilai kesalahan pengukuran kelembaban udara sebesar 1,2% dan nilai MSE sebesar 0,95 dengan rata-rata kesalahan pada pengukuran kelembaban udara sebelum kalibrasi sebesar 2,8% dan nilai MSE sebesar 3,2. Perancangan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kuantitas penetasan telur ayam. / Every years the human population also increases, not least in Indonesia. The increase in population causes an increase in the demand for food, such as chicken meat. One solution is to increase the hatching quantity of chicken eggs. The majority of farmers still use conventional incubators. Disadvantages of conventional incubators are the low level of hatching quantity of chicken eggs and need to be monitored regularly because to produce high hatching quantity of chicken eggs it takes a temperature of 37-39oC and humidity of 50%-65%. With reference to these problems, the concept of making an automatic incubator or an automatic chicken egg incubator system emerged. This incubator uses an Arduino Uno R3 device that can control other devices such as a DHT22 sensor to measure air temperature and humidity, a heater for heating the incubator space, a humidifier to increase air humidity, a PIR sensor to turn on the lights and an AC motor to flip eggs. By using the blackbox method, linear regression and forcasting error, the average measurement error value for temperature measurement is 0.38% and the MSE value is 0.04, with an average percentage of measurement error in temperature measurements before calibration of 0.89%. and the MSE value is 0.13. The average value of the air humidity measurement error is 1.2% and the MSE value is 0.95 with the average error in the air humidity measurement before calibration is 2.8% and the MSE value is 3.2. This design is expected to increase the hatching quantity of chicken eggs.

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