Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri Bifidobacterium sp. dari feses bayi = Isolation and characterization of Bifidobacterium sp. from infant feces

Dosan, Robin (2022) Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri Bifidobacterium sp. dari feses bayi = Isolation and characterization of Bifidobacterium sp. from infant feces. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Bifidobacterium sp. adalah bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang memiliki potensi sebagai probiotik. Salah satu sumber isolasi bakteri Bifidobacterium sp. adalah feses bayi terutama yang rutin mendapat asupan ASI. Penelitian mengenai isolasi Bifidobacterium sp. di Indonesia masih minim sehingga penelitian ini penting untuk dilakukan, dan selanjutnya isolat Bifidobacterium sp. yang dievaluasi potensinya menjadi probiotik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu: Pengambilan sampel feses bayi, isolasi dan purifikasi kandidat Bifidobacterium sp., identifikasi morfologi dan karakterisasi isolat, uji biokimia fermentasi 10 jenis gula, dan identifikasi molekuler dengan sequencing 16S-rRNA. Isolasi bakteri didapat dengan inokulasi sampel feses bayi pada TPY dengan metode spread plate lalu dimurnikan sebanyak tiga kali. Pengamatan morfologi sel dan karakterisasi isolat dilakukan dengan pewarnaan Gram, uji katalase, dan uji motilitas. Uji aktivitas biokimia dengan fermentasi 10 jenis gula (laktosa, sukrosa, arabinosa, sorbitol, galaktosa, mannosa, starch, mannitol, maltosa, dan D-xylose). Dari hasil isolasi, terdapat 5 koloni Gram positif dengan morfologi yang bervariasi antara small rods (BR1-M1, BR1-B1), bifid (BR2-5), dan basil panjang (BR2-6, BR2-12). Uji katalase dan motilitas pada kelima isolat menunjukkan hasil negatif. Uji biokimia fermentasi gula menghasilkan 4 kandidat Bifidobacterium sp. yang memiliki profil fermentasi gula yang sesuai dengan Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum (isolat BR2-5), B. longum subsp. infantis (isolat BR2-6), B. breve (BR1-M1) dan B. adolescentis (isolat BR1-B1, BR2-12). Analisis sequencing 16S-rRNA menunjukkan isolat BR2-5 identik dengan Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (query cover: 100%; percentage identity: 100%). Perbedaan hasil fermentasi gula dan sequencing 16S-rRNA pada isolat BR2-5 dapat disebabkan oleh perbedaan profil fermentasi antar strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. / Bifidobacterium sp. is a group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that are well known well as probiotics. Infant feces, especially breast-fed infant, is a great source of Bifidobacterium sp. This study is aimed to isolate and characterize Bifidobacterium sp. from infant feces, since there are not many research related to isolation of Bifidobacterium sp. in Indonesia, thus Bifidobacterium sp. from the isolation could be used as potential probiotic. This study is conducted in several general phases which are: Isolation and purification of Bifidocterium sp. from infant feces, morphology and characteriazation of isolates, Biochemical activity conducted by 10 types of sugar fermentation (lactose, sucrose, arabinose, sorbitol, galactose, mannose, starch, mannitol, maltose, and D-xylose), and 16S-rRNA sequencing. Bacteria isolation done with spread plate of feces sample on TPY then purified for three times. Morphology and characterization done by gram staining, catalase test, and motility test. The isolation exhibits 5 colonies of gram positive with various morphology such as small rods (BR1-M1, BR1-B1), bifid (BR2-5), and long rods (BR2-6, BR2-12). Catalase test and motility test show negative result. Fermentation test displays 4 candidates match with fermentation profile of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum (BR2-5), B. longum subsp. infantis (BR2-6), B. breve (BR1-M1), and B. adolescentis (isolat BR1-B1, BR2-12). 16S-rRNA sequencing shows that BR2-5 isolate identical with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (query cover: 100%; percentage identity: 100%). Difference between fermentation test and 16S-rRNA from BR2-5 could be caused by variation of sugar fermentation profile from each Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain.

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