Hubungan Lokasi Stroke Berdasarkan Klasifikasi Bamford Terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik

Djoni, Christabella Maria (2022) Hubungan Lokasi Stroke Berdasarkan Klasifikasi Bamford Terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Setiap tahunnya ada sekitar 550.000 pasien stroke baru di Indonesia, dimana tipe stroke iskemik memiliki kasus terbanyak di antara tipe lainnya. Stroke iskemik membuat aliran darah di otak berkurang yang dapat berdampak pada fungsi kognitif. Selain dari efek gejala yang timbul, dampak pada fungsi kognitif merupakan gangguan yang paling umum kedua. Diketahui juga, bahwa setiap bagian otak memiliki fungsinya masing-masing dimana saat lokasi lesi terdapat pada bagian tertentu, ada tanda dan gejala klinis yang bisa berbeda-beda. Melalui klasifikasi Bamford yang diambil dari hasil CT scan, lokasi lesi stroke seseorang bisa diidentifikasi dan dengan mengetahui fungsi lokasi tersebut bisa dikaitkan dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif yang dimiliki seseorang. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara lokasi stroke berdasarkan klasifikasi Bamford terhadap fungsi kognitif pada pasien stroke iskemik di Rumah Sakit Siloam Hospital Lippo Village Paviliun B. Metode: Menggunakan metode desain penelitian potong lintang dengan tipe statistik analitik komparatif kategorik tidak berpasangan. Subjek penelitian dipilih sesuai dengan kriteria penelitian dan didapatkan besar sampel sebanyak 48 pasien stroke iskemik. Data diambil dari pengisian kuesioner MoCA-Ina dan data sekunder dari hasil CT scan subjek penelitian, lalu data akan dikelola dengan uji statistik menggunakan SPSS. Hasil: Dari total 48 pasien stroke iskemik, lokasi stroke berdasarkan klasifikasi Bamford mendapatkan 10 pasien (20,8%) dengan TACI, 15 pasien (31,3%) dengan PACI, 10 pasien (20,8%) dengan LACI, dan 13 pasien (27,1%) dengan POCI. Tingkat fungsi kognitif mendapatkan 5 pasien (10,4%) normal, 28 pasien (58,3%) gangguan ringan, 15 pasien (31,3%) gangguan sedang, dan 0 pasien (0,0%) gangguan berat. Hubungan antara lokasi lesi stroke berdasarkan klasifikasi Bamford terhadap fungsi kognitif pasien stroke iskemik mendapatkan p-value = 0,668 (> 0,05), OR = 0,627, dan 95% CI = 0,182 – 2,164. Kesimpulan: Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara lokasi stroke berdasarkan klasifikasi Bamford terhadap fungsi kognitif pada pasien stroke iskemik di Rumah Sakit Siloam Hospital Lippo Village Paviliun B. Kata Kunci: Lokasi stroke, klasifikasi Bamford, fungsi kognitif, stroke iskemik. Referensi: 64 (2000-2022). / Background: Every year there are about 550,000 new stroke patients in Indonesia, where the ischemic stroke type has the most cases among other types. Ischemic stroke reduces blood flow to the brain, which can have an impact on cognitive functions. Apart from the effects of symptoms, the impact on cognitive functions is the second most common disorder. It is also known that each part of the brain has its own function, when there is a lesion in a certain part, there are clinical signs and symptoms that can vary. Through the use of Bamford classification taken from CT scan result, the location of a person's stroke lesion can be identified and by knowing the function of the lesion location it can be associated with a person's impaired cognitive function. Objective: To determine the relationship between stroke location based on Bamford's classification on cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients at Siloam Hospital Lippo Village Pavilion B. Method: Using a cross-sectional design method with unpaired categorical comparative analytic statistics. The research subjects were selected according to the research criteria and obtained a large sample of 48 ischemic stroke patients. The data was taken from filling out the MoCA-Ina questionnaire and secondary data from the CT scan results of research subjects and then the data will be managed by statistical tests using SPSS. Results: From a total of 48 ischemic stroke patients, stroke location based on the Bamford classification got 10 patients (20.8%) with TACI, 15 patients (31.3%) with PACI, 10 patients (20.8%) with LACI, and 13 patients (27.1%) with POCI. The level of cognitive function got 5 patients (10.4%) normal, 28 patients (58.3%) with mild impairment, 15 patients (31.3%) with moderate impairment, and 0 patients (0.0%) with severe impairment. The relationship between the location of stroke lesions based on the Bamford classification on the cognitive function of ischemic stroke patients obtained p-value = 0.668 (> 0.05), OR = 0,627, dan 95% CI = 0,182 – 2,164. Conclusion: There was no relationship between stroke location based on the Bamford classification on cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients at Siloam Hospital Lippo Village Pavilion B. Keywords: Stroke location, Bamford classification, cognitive function, ischemic stroke. References: 64 (2000-2022)

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