Hubungan status gizi dan faktor-faktor determinan lain dengan terjadinya gejala obstructive sleep apnea pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan

Wibowo, Ramadhania (2020) Hubungan status gizi dan faktor-faktor determinan lain dengan terjadinya gejala obstructive sleep apnea pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar belakang : Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) merupakan gangguan pernapasan ketika tidur dengan karakteristik penghentian sementara (pause) maupun obstruksi saluran pernapasan atas yang berulang dan gejala utama nya berupa mendengkur. Prevalansi obesitas yang meningkat berhubungan dengan meningkatnya terjadinya OSA. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan status gizi yang diukur menggunakan indeks masa tubuh dan faktor-faktor determinan lain dengan risiko obstructive sleep apnea pada Mahasiwa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan. Metode : Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain studi potong lintang dengan sampel 52 subjek menggunakan perhitungan analitik komparatif kategorik tidak berpasangan. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara kuesioner dan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, dan lingkar leher yang menggunakan pita meteran. Data diolah menggunakan software SPSS 23.0 dengan analisis Chi-Square dan regresi logistik. Hasil : Hubungan status gizi yang diukur menggunakan indeks massa tubuh menuai hasil melalui analisis bivariat, bahwa indeks massa tubuh yang obesitas terhadap terjadinya Obstructive Sleep Apnea signifikan secara secara statistik (P Value = 0,004) maupun secara klinis (OR = 85,13%), begitu pula dengan variabel lain yakni lingkar leher. Dan melalui analisis multivariat, variabel indeks massa tubuh dan lingkar leher memiliki signifikansi secara klinis maupun secara statistik, sedangkan pada variabel aktifitas fisik, dan jenis kelamin tidak memiliki signifikan secara secara klinis tetapi signifikan secara statistik. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara indeks massa tubuh yang obesitas dengan terjadinya Obstructive Sleep Apnea, begitu pula dengan variabel lingkar leher, aktifitas fisik, dan jenis kelamin terhadap terjadinya Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Kata kunci : Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), Status Gizi, Obesitas. / Background : Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder during sleep with the characteristics of temporary cessation (pause) and recurrent upper respiratory tract obstruction and its main symptom is snoring. The increased prevalence of obesity is associated with the increased incidence of OSA. Objective : To determine the relationship between nutritional status as measured by body mass index and other determinants factors with the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan. Result : The relationship between nutritional status measured using body mass index showed through bivariate analyze that the body mass index of obesity on the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea was statistically significant (P value = 0.004) and clinically (OR = 85.13%), and so does neck circumference. And the result from multivariate analysis is the body mass index and neck circumference are significantly proven clinically also statistically, meanwhile the other variables such as physical activity and gender which were statistically significant but not clinically significant. Conclusion : There is a significant relationship between body mass index (obesity) and the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea, as well as neck circumference, physical activity, and gender on the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea. Keywords : Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), Nutritional Status, Obesity.

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