Pengaruh deep breathing exercise terhadap nilai forced vital capacity (fvc) pada dewasa muda dengan kelebihan berat badan (overweight)

Maleke, Julieta Gisella Marcellina (2022) Pengaruh deep breathing exercise terhadap nilai forced vital capacity (fvc) pada dewasa muda dengan kelebihan berat badan (overweight). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Hampir dua miliar penduduk dewasa muda (>18 tahun) di dunia mengalami kelebihan berat badan (overweight). Gangguan pada sistem pernapasan merupakan salah satu masalah yang sering muncul akibat overweight. Akumulasi lemak berlebihan pada bagian anterior dari dinding dada dan abdomen menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan pada komplians, volume dan kapasitas paru. Inilah yang menyebabkan overweight menghasilkan pola pernapasan restriktif yang ditandai dengan adanya penurunan pada nilai forced vital capacity (FVC). Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan tindakan untuk mengurangi pola pernapasan restriktif tersebut. DBE merupakan teknik pernapasan dalam dan perlahan yang bersifat non-invasif serta mudah dilakukan. Teknik ini berguna untuk melatih pergerakan otot-otot pernapasan, khususnya otot diafragma sehingga dapat bekerja lebih optimal sehingga dapat meningkatkan komplians, volume dan kapasitas paru. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui pengaruh deep breathing exercise terhadap nilai forced vital capacity (FVC) pada dewasa muda dengan kelebihan berat badan (overweight). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pre- and post-test terhadap 37 subjek overweight berusia 18-35 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa menggunakan uji T-test berpasangan. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan nilai rata-rata FVC sebelum dan sesudah melakukan DBE secara berturut-turut adalah 3,64 L dan 4,15 L. Hasil uji T-test berpasangan menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan (p<0,001) terhadap nilai FVC pada orang overweight setelah melakukan DBE. / Nearly two billion young adults (>18 years old) in the world are overweight. Respiratory problem is one of the problems that often arise due to overweight. Excessive fat accumulation in the anterior part of the chest wall and in the abdomen, causes a decrease in lung compliance and in lung volume and capacities. This causes overweight to produce a restrictive breathing pattern, which is characterized by a decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) value. Therefore, an intervention is needed to reduce the restrictive breathing pattern in overweight people. Deep breathing exercise (DBE) is a deep and slow breathing technique that is non-invasive and easy to perform. This technique is useful for training the movement of the respiratory muscles, especially the diaphragm to work more optimally and therefore can increase the lung compliance and furthermore will increase the lung volume and capacity. Therefore, this study is conducted to know the effect of deep breathing exercise (DBE) on forced vital capacity (FVC) value in overweight young adults. This study utilizes an experimental method with a one group pre- and post-test design on 37 overweight subjects aged 18-36 years who met the research criteria. Collected data are analyzed using dependent T-test. From the study, the FVC values of subjects before and after DBE showed a mean score of 3,64 L and 4.15, respectively. Dependent T-test analysis showed a significant effect (p<0,001) on the value of FVC in overweight young adults after DBE.

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