PENGARUH GULA DARAH SEWAKTU TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPARAHAN STROKE ISKEMIK

Orlando, Stevanus (2022) PENGARUH GULA DARAH SEWAKTU TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPARAHAN STROKE ISKEMIK. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Stroke telah menjadi penyakit penyebab kematian tertinggi di Indonesia dan penatalaksaan yang tepat dan cepat diperlukan untuk menurunkan resiko mortalitas serta hasil fungsional akhir yang buruk. Hiperglikemi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan keparahan stroke. Beberapa penelitian telah menunjukan bahwa diabetes dan status hiperglikemik berkaitan dengan peningkatan keparahan stroke dan peningkatan mortalitas pasien dalam tiga bulan setelah kejadian stroke. Namun, sampai sekarang belum ada publikasi tentang pengaruh antara gula darah sewaktu terhadap tingkat keparahan stroke iskemik di Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Karawaci. Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh gula darah sewaktu terhadap tingkat keparahan stroke iskemik. Hipotesis: Terdapat pengaruh kadar gula darah sewaktu terhadap tingkat keparahan stroke iskemik berdasarkan skor NIHSS. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi retrospektif kohort pada 201 pasien stroke iskemik yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan data dari rekam medis pasien berupa pemeriksaan fisik, skor national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS), hasil laboratorium darah dan gula darah sewaktu (GDS). Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil: Pada 201 sampel sebanyak 111 sampel merupakan kategori ringan (NIHSS 0-6, GDS rerata 160.95 ± 88.64, rentang GDS 59-486 mg/dl ), 73 sedang (NIHSS 7-16, GDS rerata 168.67 ± 86.09, rentang 81-464 mg/dl), dan tujuh belas berat (NIHSS ≥17, GDS rerata 258.35 ± 119.67, rentang 139-641 mg/dl). Melalui uji statistik antara kelompok NIHSS dengan GDS pasien didapatkan hasil yang bermakna ( p<0.001). Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh gula darah sewaktu terhadap tingkat keparahan stroke iskemik di RSUS (p <0.001). / Background: Stroke has become the leading cause of death in Indonesia and prompt and appropriate treatment is needed to reduce the risk of mortality and poor final functional outcome. Hyperglycemia is one of the factors that can increase the severity of stroke. Several studies have shown that diabetes and hyperglycemic status are associated with increased stroke severity and increased patient mortality within three months after stroke. However, until now there has been no publication of the effect between random blood sugar towards the severity of ischemic stroke at Siloam Karawaci General Hospital. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of random blood sugar towards the severity of ischemic stroke. Hypothesis: There is a difference of random blood sugar on the severity of ischemic stroke based on NIHSS. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study on 201 ischemic stroke patients selected using purposive sampling method. Data is taken from patient medical records which would be focused on patient physical examination data, national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores, blood laboratory results and random blood sugar (RBS). The data obtained will be analyzed using Kruskal- Wallis test. Result: From 201 samples found, 111 categorized as mild (NIHSS 0-6, RBS mean 165.95± 88.64, RBS range 59-486 mg/dl ), 73 moderate (NIHSS 7-16, RBS mean 168.67± 86.09, RBS range 81-464 mg/dl), and seventeen severe (NIHSS ≥17, RBS mean 258.35± 119.67, RBS range 139-641 mg/dl). By using statistical analysis on NIHSS category and patient RBS, the result are statistically significant ( p<0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant effect of random blood sugar towards the severity of ischemic stroke in Siloam Karawaci general hospital (p <0.001).

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