Perlindungan hukum atas data pribadi yang digunakan pada layanan keuangan digital (fintech) di Indonesia

Lie, Natalie (2022) Perlindungan hukum atas data pribadi yang digunakan pada layanan keuangan digital (fintech) di Indonesia. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) menjadi penopang agenda Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional Tahun 2020-2024, karena mewakili lebih dari 99% pelaku usaha di Indonesia yang menyerap 97% tenaga kerja dalam negeri. Namun akses UMKM terhadap layanan keuangan formal masih rendah, sehingga UMKM menjadi sasaran keuangan inklusif. Faktor enabler keuangan inklusi adalah melalui teknologi informasi. Oleh karena itu pemerintah pun menggalakkan layanan keuangan digital (fintech) yang telah terbukti secara global mampu mendongkrak tingkat inklusi keuangan. Bahan bakar yang menggerakkan mesin fintech adalah data, seperti istilah data is the new oil. Namun dalam beberapa tahun ke belakang, kebocoran data pribadi marak mewarnai pemberitaan media dari awal sampai tutup tahun. Dengan latar belakang tersebut, tulisan ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengkaji bagaimana pengaturan dan perlindungan hukum atas penggunaan data pribadi pada layanan keuangan digital (fintech) di Indonesia, khususnya yang berada di bawah pengawasan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fintech yang memiliki karakteristik tersendiri perlu dilakukan pengaturan berbasis prinsip dan light touch regulation serta pengawasan dengan pendekatan pasar. Meskipun Undang-Undang tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi menambahkan lapisan perlindungan, namun pengaturan mengenai pemenuhan persyaratan minimum sistem keamanan penyelenggaraan fintech perlu diperkuat. Selain itu salah satu aspek terpenting untuk meningkatkan perlindungan data pribadi, adalah edukasi kepada masyarakat./ Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the pillars of the agenda of 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan, since they represent more than 99% of the business actors in Indonesia that absorb 97% of the domestic workforce. However, MSME access to the formal financial services is still low, as such MSMEs become the target of the financial inclusion. The enabler factor of financial inclusion is through information technology. Therefore, the government heavily promotes the digital financial services (fintech), which have been proven globally to be able to boost the level of financial inclusion. The fuel that powers the fintech engine is data, as the term data is the new oil. However, in the past few years, personal data leaks have been rampant revealing media coverage from the beginning to the end of the year. With this background, this paper is conducted with the aim of examining how the regulations and legal protection for the use of personal data in digital financial services (fintech) in Indonesia, especially those under the supervision of the Financial Services Authority. The legal research method used is a normative juridical that is descriptive analytical, with data collection techniques through library research. The results of the study show that fintech, which has its own characteristics needs to be carried out based on principle-based light touch regulation as well as supervision with market conduct approach. Although the Law on Personal Data Protection adds another layer of protection, however the regulations regarding the minimum requirements for the security system for the implementation of fintech need to be strengthen. In addition, one of the most important aspects to improve the protection of personal data is education to the public.

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