Analisis penanganan pemerintahan presiden Donald Trump terhadap imigran gelap di perbatasan Meksiko periode 2017 - 2021

Sulisien, Rebecca (2023) Analisis penanganan pemerintahan presiden Donald Trump terhadap imigran gelap di perbatasan Meksiko periode 2017 - 2021. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Amerika Serikat telah sejak lama dikenal sebagai negara dengan populasi imigran yang tinggi. Sejak menjabatnya Donald Trump sebagai presiden ke - 45 Amerika Serikat, ia menjadikan salah satu prioritasnya untuk mengatasi isu tingginya jumlah imigran gelap, terutama mereka yang berasal dari Meksiko. Beberapa pihak menganggap bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan oleh Donald Trump dalam upayanya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut telah menyimpang dari hakikat bahwa Amerika Serikat merupakan ‘bangsa imigran’. Oleh karena itu, tujuan utama dari karya tulis ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi keputusan yang diambil Donald Trump selama masa pemerintahannya yang telah memengaruhi hubungan bilateral antara kedua negara tersebut. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan, perspektif, dan pandangan yang lebih luas mengenai tindakan yang diimplikasikan Donald Trump dalam menanggulangi isu imigran gelap di Amerika Serikat, terutama melalui kebijakan luar negeri yang diterapkan serta tembok yang dibangun pada perbatasan Amerika Serikat dengan Meksiko. Penelitian ini didasari oleh penggunaan teori Realisma Klasik, Populisme, Kepentingan Nasional, Sekuritisasi, dan Proteksionisme. Pendekatan secara kualitatif juga dilakukan dalam metode deskriptif, antara lain melalui penulusuran daring dan luring serta studi perpustakaan, yang kemudian dianalisis secara naratif demi memperoleh hasil penelitian mengapa Donald Trump memprioritaskan penanggulangan isu imigran gelap. Dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa aksi yang dilakukan Donald Trump termasuk kebijakan deportasi terhadap para imigran gelap serta perintah eksekutif untuk pembangunan tembok perbatasan yang memisahkan Amerika Serikat dengan Meksiko merupakan salah satu upayanya dalam merealisasikan ‘Make America Great Again’ (yang didasari oleh pedoman ‘America First’) yang telah berdampak negatif terhadap hubungan bilateral antara kedua negara, Amerika Serikat dan Meksiko. / The United States has long been known as the country with a towering population of immigrants. Since Donald Trump was elected as the 45th president of the United States, he has made it one of his priorities to address the issue of the high number of illegal immigrants, especially those coming from Mexico. Some parties consider that the actions taken by Donald Trump in his efforts to overcome his concerns have deviated from the essence that the United States is once called the 'nation of immigrants’. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to evaluate the decisions taken by Donald Trump during his reign, which have affected the bilateral relations between the United States and Mexico. It is expected that this research can provide broader insights, perspectives and views on the actions that Donald Trump has implied in order to tackle the issue of illegal immigrants in the United States, especially through the foreign policies implemented and the ‘wall’ built on the United States - Mexico border. This research is done based on theory of Classical Realism, Populism, National Interest, Securitization, and Protectionism. A qualitative approach is also carried out in a descriptive method, including online and offline searches and library studies, which are then analysed narratively in order to obtain research results as to why Donald Trump has prioritized overcoming the issue related to illegal immigrants. From the research results obtained, it can be concluded that the actions taken by Donald Trump, including the deportation policy against illegal immigrants and the executive order for the construction of the border wall separating the United States and Mexico are one of his efforts to achieve his desire of 'Make America Great Again' (which is based on the guideline of 'America First') which has negatively impact the bilateral relations between the two countries, United States and Mexico.

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