Dinamika komunikasi antarbudaya pekerja TKW Indonesia di Arab Saudi

Anthony, Marcelyn (2023) Dinamika komunikasi antarbudaya pekerja TKW Indonesia di Arab Saudi. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Tenaga Kerja Wanita (TKW) merupakan salah satu penyumbang devisa terbesar bagi Indonesia. Dari berbagai pemberitaan mengenai kasus yang dialami oleh TKW di Arab Saudi, jumlah pelaporan kasus tertinggi berasal dari negara tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana dinamika komunikasi antarbudaya yang terjadi pada pekerja TKW Indonesia di Arab Saudi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori akomodasi komunikasi. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan enam informan yang terdiri dari empat TKW, Sosiolog dan Antropolog Indonesia di Arab Saudi dan Ex-Atase Ketenagakerjaan KBRI Riyadh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dinamika komunikasi antarbudaya yang terjadi pada TKW dipengaruhi oleh motivasi keberangkatan kerja, persiapan kerja TKW dan status keberangkatan TKW. Motivasi keberangkatan kerja TKW berasal dari kebutuhan ekonomi dan religious motivation. Faktor penting lainnya dalam dinamika komunikasi TKW tidak terlepas dari pelatihan kerja sebelum bekerja ke Arab Saudi dan juga status keberangkatan TKW sehingga mempengaruhi interaksi yang terjadi. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh TKW seperti culture shock dan miskomunikasi terjadi karena keterbatasan pre-departure training dan kompetensi budaya. Untuk meminimalisir kasus yang terjadi, TKW disarankan untuk berangkat secara legal, bekerja melalui perusahaan formal dan melakukan pre-departure skills training. / Women Workforce or commonly abbreviated as TKW is one of the largest remittance contributor to Indonesia. From various reports regarding cases experienced by TKW in Saudi Arabia, the highest number of reported cases comes from that country. This research was conducted with the aim of seeing how intercultural communication dynamics of Indonesian TKW workers in in Saudi Arabia occur. This study uses a qualitative approach and phenomenological research methods. The theory used is accommodation communication theory. Primary data was obtained through interviews with six informants consisting of four Indonesian TKW, Indonesian sociologists and anthropologists in Saudi Arabia and a former Labor Attaché of the Indonesian Embassy in Riyadh. The results of the study shows that the dynamics of intercultural communication that occurs among TKW is influenced by work motivation, TKW pre-departure training and the status of departure for TKW. Work motivation comes from economic needs and religious motivation. Another important factor in the dynamics of TKW communication its is inseparable from pre-departure training and also the departure status of TKW. The obstacles faced by TKW are culture shock and miscommunication due to limited pre-departure training and cultural competence. To minimize cases that occur, TKW can depart legally, work through formal companies and conduct pre- departure skills training.

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