Peningkatan kehadiran Uni Eropa di Indo-Pasifik melalui the EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific = The advancement of the European Union engagement in the Indo-Pacific through the EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific

Wijayanti, Nurfika (2023) Peningkatan kehadiran Uni Eropa di Indo-Pasifik melalui the EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific = The advancement of the European Union engagement in the Indo-Pacific through the EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pada tanggal 16 September 2021 Uni Eropa (EU) menerbitkan the EU Strategy for Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific. Penerbitan dokumen strategi dilatarbelakangi kepentingan Uni Eropa untuk bekerja sama dengan negara-negara di Indo-Pasifik yang merupakan kawasan tujuan ekspor dan destinasi investasi utama Uni Eropa. Di sisi lain, dinamika Indo-Pasifik diwarnai peningkatan rivalitas antara Amerika Serikat (AS) dan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT) yang berpotensi mengganggu kestabilan kawasan. Memperhatikan kondisi tersebut, penelitian ini ingin mengetahui bagaimana Uni Eropa memposisikan kehadirannya secara strategis di Indo-Pasifik dan bagaimana Uni Eropa terlibat aktif di Indo-Pasifik sebagaimana tertuang dalam dokumen the EU Strategy for Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan metode penelitian berupa analisis narasi. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang berasal dari buku, artikel, situs internet, jurnal ilmiah, makalah, dan surat kabar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran Uni Eropa di Indo-Pasifik secara strategis didorong oleh dua faktor utama: interdependensi kompleks dan strategic autonomy. Interdependensi kompleks ditandai dengan keterhubungan yang tinggi di antara kedua kawasan. Sementara, strategic autonomy merupakan upaya Uni Eropa mereduksi overdependensi pemenuhan kebutuhan di sektor-sektor strategis. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada keterlibatan aktif Uni Eropa di Indo-Pasifik. Uni Eropa menawarkan kerja sama pada ketujuh area kerja sama prioritas yang terdiri dari: (1) kesejahteraan yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan, (2) transisi hijau, (3) pengelolaan kelautan, (4) pengelolaan dan kemitraan digital, (5) konektivitas, (6) keamanan dan pertahanan, dan (7) keamanan manusia. Mempertimbangkan rivalitas antara AS dan RRT, kerja sama Uni Eropa di Indo-Pasifik bersifat pragmatis, inklusif, dan mendukung multilateralisme. / On September 16th, 2021 the European Union published the EU Strategy for Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific. The document was released due to EU's interest to deepen cooperation with countries in the Indo-Pacific. Currently, Indo-Pacific is the destination for two-thirds of EU commodities and the main recepient of EU’s investment. On the other hand, the escalation of rivalry between the United States and China in the Indo-Pacific could destabilize the region. Considering these factors, this research wants to find out how the European Union strategically positions its presence in the Indo-Pacific and how the EU is actively involved in the Indo-Pacific as stated in the document the EU Strategy for Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific. This study applies a qualitative method. The research method is a narrative analysis, while the data is collected from secondary source. The analysis shows that the EU strategic presence in the Indo-Pacific is propelled due to two main factors, namely the complex interdependence and strategic autonomy. Complex interdependence is characterized by the high connectivity between the two regions. Meanwhile, strategic autonomy is advanced to reduce the EU’s overdependence in order to fulfill its necessities. These factors have signified the EU’s keen involvement in the Indo-Pacific, particularly in seven areas (1) sustainable and inclusive prosperity, (2) green transition, (3) ocean governance, (4) digital governance and partnership, (5) connectivity, (6) security and defence, and (7) human security. Considering the on-going rivalries between the US and China, the EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific is conducted in a pragmatic and inclusive manners, as well as supports multilateralism.

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